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Item type: Item , Epithelial Factors Affecting Smooth Muscle Contraction of the Mouse Epididymis(2025) Haas, Dirk StefanUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are some of the most common human bacterial infections, ascending up to the kidneys in severe cases. The epididymis, beyond its known functions in sperm maturation, storage, and transport, may also act through its epithelium as a sensory organ capable of detecting pathogens and initiating defensive response, i.e. contraction of its smooth muscles. This study investigates the role of epithelial taste receptor signaling, particularly the Trpm5 ion channel, in mediating smooth muscle contraction in the mouse epididymis. Using immunohistochemistry, a subpopulation of keratin5-positive basal cells with slender processes extending into the lumen was identified. Co-expression with GNAT3, representing the gustatory signaling cascade, and Dclk1, a marker for tuft cells, indicates the presence of the gustatory signaling cascade and the chemosensory nature of these cells, suggesting these cells may detect luminal stimuli, often linked to danger or infection. Time-lapse imaging experiments revealed that application of the bitter compound denatonium benzoate induced a statistically significant increase in contraction frequency in wild type mice, but not in Trpm5 knockout (KO) mice. These findings confirm the involvement of Trpm5-mediated signaling in the contractile response and suggest that epithelial chemosensory cells play a critical role in the defense mechanism of the epididymis. This mechanism may represent a key evolutionary adaptation for protecting ascending UTI.Item type: Item , Inkjet-printed quantum dots on paper as concept towards high-density long-term data storage(2024) Mengel, Nils; Welzel, Marius; Niedenthal, Woldemar; Stein, Markus; Heider, Dominik; Chatterjee, SangamHandling and storing the immense amounts of data native to the information age is a major challenge in terms of technological sustainability and energy demand. To date, tape storage remains the most widespread method for data archiving, while DNA data storage appears to offer the best data density and long-term stability in the future. However, DNA data storage is still in its infancy primarily due to economic and accessibility challenges. This emphasizes the need for more practical and readily available alternatives. We present a method for data storage utilizing inkjet printable quantum dots on paper with photoluminescence (PL) readout. Our proof of principle study showcases the ability to print and stack multiple bits of data on a single spot by exploiting the unique PL properties of quantum dots. This approach utilizes easily accessible resources, including a consumer-grade printer and paper as the substrate. Additionally, we perform initial stability tests, investigate scalability by controlling emission intensity, and evaluate the potential data density achievable by our approach.Item type: Item , The relationship between pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, and environmental impact: a meta-analysis(2024) Krumm, LauraA substantial change towards more pro-environmental behavior (PEB) is essential to reach the required reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change. These behavior changes will have consequences on people’s daily lives and thus might affect their well-being. Previous research generally finds positive correlations between PEB and well-being. This meta-analysis explores whether the relationship between PEB and well-being depends on the environmental impact of the performed PEB. Overall, the paper finds a small but significant positive relation between PEB and well-being. When accounting for the environmental impact of the PEB, however, the positive relationship only remains for low-impact PEB. The meta-analysis does not provide any evidence that engaging in high-impact PEB relates to well-being. Consequently, these findings demonstrate that there is more ambiguity in the relationship between PEB and well-being than previously described in the literature and that the environmental impact of PEB matters when evaluating its relationship with well-being. These findings have important implications for policy-making trying to facilitate mitigation efforts that ultimately aim to balance the well-being of the current and future generations.Item type: Item , Design, synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines and their zinc-complexes(2024) Marner, Michael; Kulhanek, Niclas; Eichberg, Johanna; Hardes, Kornelia; Molin, Michael Dal; Rybniker, Jan; Kirchner, Michael; Schäberle, Till F.; Göttlich, RichardTuberculosis has remained one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases. The complexity and numerous adverse effects of current treatment options as well as the emergence of multi-drug resistant M. tuberculosis (Mtb) demand research and innovation efforts to yield new anti-mycobacterial agents. In this study, we synthesized a series of imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines, including 4 new analogs, and evaluated their activity against Mtb. Inspired by previous studies, we also designed 8 compounds featuring a coordinated metal ion, determined their absolute configuration by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and included them in the bioactivity study. Remarkably, the metal complexation of 5c with either Zn2+ or Fe2+ increased the Mtb inhibitory activity of the compound 12.5-fold and reduced its cytotoxicity. Ultimately, out of the 21 analyzed imidazo[1,5-a]quinoline analogs, two zinc complexes (C1 and C7) showed the strongest, specific activity against Mtb H37Rv in vitro (IC90 = 7.7 and 17.7 μM).Item type: Item , The enol of isobutyric acid(2024) Danho, Akkad; Mardyukov, Artur; Schreiner, Peter R.We present the gas-phase synthesis of 2-methyl-prop-1-ene-1,1-diol, an unreported higher energy tautomer of isobutyric acid. The enol was captured in an argon matrix at 3.5 K, characterized spectroscopically and by DFT computations. The enol rearranges likely photochemically to isobutyric acid and dimethylketene. We also identified propene, likely photochemically formed from dimethylketene.