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Gegen jede Sterbeethik
(2026-02-05) Duckheim, Simon
BNEreal - Ein interdisziplinäres Projekt der Biologie- und Mathematikdidaktik
(2026-02-05) Schmidt, Elvira; Lengnink, Katja; Brück, Johanna
Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) ist eine zentrale interdisziplinäre Aufgabe in der Lehrkräftebildung der JLU Gießen, wird jedoch bislang überwiegend disziplinär vermittelt. Im Reallabor BNEreal arbeiten Lehramtsstudierende, Wissenschaftler:innen und Praxisakteur:innen gemeinsam an Nachhaltigkeitsthemen der JLU und der Stadt Gießen. Sie entwickeln didaktisch-methodische Lernangebote, etwa eine digitale Stadtrallye, und reflektieren ihre Ergebnisse. Die Publikation stellt Konzept, Ergebnisse und zentrale Gelingensbedingungen des Projekts vor.
A comparison of drought responses in wild wheat relatives and domesticated wheat grown under irrigated and rainfed field conditions
(2025) Pantha, Sumitra; Kilian, Benjamin; Özkan, Hakan; Zeibig, Frederike; Frei, Michael
Context: Domestication and breeding processes for developing modern wheat plants from diverse wild relatives and landraces have had unintended effects of loss of genetic diversity. This reduction in genetic variation undermines the ability of modern wheat cultivars to tolerate environmental stresses such as drought. Wheat wild relatives possess untapped genetic potential for tolerating abiotic stress, especially drought. Yet, their morpho-physiological adaptation and drought stress resilience mechanisms remain underexplored. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the adaptive responses of plants within the Triticum spp. genepool, encompassing wheat wild relatives, landraces, and modern cultivars to drought stress under rainfed and irrigated field conditions. Methods: From an initial pool of 110 genotypes screened during the first growing season in 2022, 20 best performing genotypes, including modern cultivars for comparison, were selected for a second growing season in 2023 based on their relative yield performance. Two different treatment conditions, irrigated and rainfed, were applied during both growing seasons. This experiment observed single plants per replicate. Multiple parameters, including days to heading and flowering, plant height, number of spikes per plant, spike length, spike weight per plant, straw weight per plant, aboveground biomass per plant, grain yield per plant, thousand kernel weight, harvest index, stomatal conductance, and vegetation indices, were assessed on the selected genotypes. Results: Taking averages measured across both growing seasons, we observed significant genotypic variation across several parameters: days to heading and flowering, plant height, number of spikes per plant, spike length, spike and straw weight per plant, aboveground biomass per plant, grain yield per plant, thousand kernel weight, harvest index, stomatal conductance, and vegetation indices. Water stress during the rainfed treatment significantly reduced grain yield (by 21 %) and stomatal conductance (by 45 %). Stomatal conductance was associated with grain yield and yield-related traits under rainfed conditions. Diverse physiological drought tolerance mechanisms associated with stomatal regulation were identified, revealing genotype-specific responses to drought stress. Genotypes such as T. dicoccoides (G242), T. urartu (G45), T. boeoticum (G27) and T. araraticum (G221) exhibited isohydric adaptation, whereas T. monococcum sinskajae (G89) and T. durum cv. Sambadur (G41) exhibited anisohydric adaptation. Conclusion: Some genotypes of T. dicoccoides, T. urartu, T. boeoticum and T. araraticum exhibited isohydric adaptation, while T. monococcum sinskajae and T. durum cv. Sambadur exhibited anisohydric adaptation under drought stress which needs further verification. These genotypes can serve as donors for introducing drought tolerance traits within wheat improvement programs.
Antidiabetic and antioxidant profiling of 67 African trifoliate yam accessions by planar on-surface assays versus in vitro assays
(2025) Aiyedun, Priscilla O.; Sonibare, Mubo A.; Gueye, Badara; Albach, Dirk C.; Heil, Julia; Morlock, GertrudB
Trifoliate yam (Dioscorea dumetorum) is traditionally used to treat diabetics in Nigeria. However, almost no information is available on its antidiabetic constituents and their natural variance. Hence, the activity of methanolic tuber extracts of 67 trifoliate yam accessions from the largest collection in Africa was proven by four colorimetric antidiabetic and antioxidant in vitro assays, as diabetes is also linked with oxidative stress. For the first time, selected accessions were also analyzed by planar bioactivity profiling. It has a comparatively higher, more differentiated information content, is more sustainable in terms of material consumption, and enables straightforward compound prioritization and characterization. Up to a dozen individual antioxidant zones were revealed as well as one prominent zone inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The latter inhibition zone was tentatively assigned to palmitic, linoleic, oleic, linolenic, oxo-nonanoic fatty acids by direct elution to heated electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry.
What role do attitudes, information and taste play in consumer preferences and willingness to pay for domestic alternatives to exotic superfoods?
(2025) Gassler, Birgit; Teuber, Ramona
Superfoods are a recent health-oriented food trend, especially among younger consumers. The most well-known superfoods, such as quinoa or goji berries, are considered exotic foods, at least for the European market. This contradicts another food trend: the movement towards regional or local foods. As little is known about how consumers evaluate this trade-off when consuming superfoods, we investigate i) consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for domestic and exotic superfood ingredients; and ii) factors determining a higher WTP for domestic superfood alternatives. To this end, we conducted a three-step Vickrey auction of fruit smoothies with exotic and domestic superfood ingredients. A total of 116 individuals participated in the within-subjects experiment, which included an information treatment, tastings and a sensory evaluation. In general, participants perceived superfoods as a healthy but expensive food trend potentially harmful to the environment. Moreover, participants were eager to try the exotic smoothie, but agreed more strongly with statements endorsing the positive health benefits and good taste of the domestic smoothie. In general, we found a higher WTP for the domestic smoothie, which was reinforced by providing information about the origin of the fruits. After tasting, the WTP a premium for the domestic smoothie was driven by differences in sensory evaluations, but no longer by product perceptions and food neophobia. This indicates that food neophobia is related to taste uncertainty, which was resolved by the tasting. We discuss practical implications for fruit growers and processors marketing products containing novel and familiar superfood ingredients.