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Item type: Item , Raw data for a study investigating sustainable tank construction materials for shrimp aquaculture(2025-05-30) Bendag SlimRaw data for a study investigating sustainable tank construction materials for shrimp aquaculture The dataset contains the raw data from a randomised controlled trial investigating whether wood can serve as a sustainable alternative tank construction material in Pacific white shrimp (PWS) aquaculture. The trial compared the effects of tanks lined with Douglas fir wood, oak wood, and conventional fibreglass reinforced plastic (FRP) on shrimp survival, growth, and feed conversion rates over a 42-day period. The dataset consists of five data sheets 1 to 5: 1. Raw data for water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, nitrite, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and phosphate) measured weekly in 12 aquaria over the course of the 42-day trial across the three tank material treatments (FRP, Douglas fir, and oak). Named “Table S1: Raw data of the water parameters measured weekly in a 42-day controlled trial investigating the effect of tank material on growth and survival parameters of Pacific white shrimp”. 2. Raw data for growth and feed conversion parameters of Pacific white shrimp (PWS), including initial and final body weight, feed input, mortality, calculated weight gain (%), specific growth rate (% per day), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) per tank for each treatment group. Named “Table S2: Raw data from a 42-day controlled trial investigating the effect of tank material (oak, Douglas fir and fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) as control) on growth parameters and survival of Pacific white shrimp. Treatment names correspond to the respective type of material used to cover 60% of the trial aquariums' surface. For figure 2 (A: Survival rate, C: Weight gain, D: Specific growth rate and E: Feed conversion ratio)”. 3. Raw data for survival analysis, including individual survival time (in days), mortality events (1 = death, 0 = survival), and corresponding treatment codes (1 = FRP, 2 = Douglas fir, 3 = oak) for the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Named “Table S3: Raw data for Figure 2B and the Kaplan-Meier survival time analysis for a 42-day controlled trial investigating the effect of tank material on growth and survival parameters of Pacific white shrimp. Days correspond to the days that an individual shrimp survived; Event correspond to the Death event, 0 = Survival and 1=Death; Treatment refers to codes for the treatments where 1, 2 and 3 correspond respectively to Fiberglass reinforced plastic, Douglas fir and oak”. 4. Information on statistical analyses conducted, including results of Levene’s test for homogeneity of variance and Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, treatment means ± standard deviations for all key outcome parameters, p-values for ANOVA and post hoc Tukey pairwise comparisons between treatments (for survival rate, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio), and p-values and pairwise comparisons for the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Named “Table S4: Statistical summary of survival, growth rate, specific growth rate and feed conversion performance of Pacific white shrimp (PWS) reared in tanks lined with fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), Douglas fir, and oak wood”. 5. Raw Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) data from water samples collected at three sampling time points during a 42-day controlled trial investigating the effect of tank material (fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), Douglas fir, and oak) on growth and survival parameters of Pacific white shrimp. For each detected chromatographic peak, retention time (tR), average peak area (with a peak area filter of >10000 counts), standard deviation of peak area, and relative peak area (%) are reported separately for each sampling time point. Tentative compound identification based on NIST mass spectral library matching, including suggested compound name, CAS registry number, and reverse match score (R-Match), is provided where available. Named “Raw wood extractive profile: Raw temporal Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) water chemical profiles measured at S1 (start of trial), S2 (day 21), and S3 (end of trial) during a 42-day controlled trial assessing temporal qualitative changes in wood extractives in water exposed to fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), Douglas fir, and oak as aquaculture tank materials”Item type: Item , Leveraging the diversity of Beta maritima populations for sugar beet breeding(2025) Bertram, LisaSea beet (Beta maritima) populations are of critical importance for sugar beet breeding because they represent a rich reservoir of genetic diversity and adaptive traits that have been lost during domestication. Their ability to thrive in diverse and challenging environments makes them invaluable for improving the resilience of cultivated sugar beet. This thesis investigates the genetic diversity of sea beet populations and their practical relevance for sugar beet breeding, combining a broad literature review, empirical population studies, and simulation-based breeding design. The work addresses the urgent need to broaden the genetic base of cultivated sugar beet, which has been narrowed by intensive breeding, by leveraging the rich genetic resources found in sea beet populations. The first objective was to assess the current state of research on Beta maritima diversity. The literature review reveals extensive morphological and genetic variation across European and North African populations, shaped by geography and local environmental pressures. Phenotypic diversity often exceeds genetic differentiation, emphasizing the influence of environmental factors and the need for genetic analyses to complement morphological studies. The review also highlights significant gaps in the genetic characterization of Mediterranean populations. The second objective was to characterize the genetic diversity and population structure of three Northern Atlantic Beta maritima populations using high-density SNP markers. Within this study, a total of 1,363 genotypes across three populations from Denmark, France, and Ireland were analyzed using 16,201 SNP markers. The findings reveal genetic variation among the populations, with the Irish population exhibiting the highest genetic diversity and pronounced population structure. The Danish population showed low genetic diversity and minimal population structure, while the French population displayed intermediate levels of both. In the Irish population, a pronounced population structure was detected even within a very small geographic area, illustrating that genetic diversity and population structure are shaped by more than just geographical distance. Also, all populations exhibit unique polymorphisms. This highlights the importance of in situ conservation to preserve unique genetic variants, as well as the need for broad sampling and comprehensive testing to fully uncover useful genetic diversity regions. The third objective was to evaluate how population characteristics influence the power and accuracy of genome-wide association studies for detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL). The study found that the low minor allele frequencies within sea beet populations require larger sample sizes to ensure rare alleles are adequately represented and statistical power is maintained. Populations with greater genetic diversity, such as those from France and Ireland, offer more potential for trait mapping, but strong substructure poses analytical challenges that must be addressed to avoid confounding effects. Careful consideration of population structure is essential to avoid false positives and misleading conclusions. Nevertheless, these populations offer great potential when analysis is carried out correctly and population structure is accounted for appropriately. The final objective was to simulate and compare crossing strategies between wild and elite genotypes to optimize mapping populations based on sea beet populations for QTL discovery, especially for complex traits like yield and drought tolerance. Simulation-based studies showed that mapping populations containing a high proportion of sea beet genome (up to 50%) have the greatest power to detect rare alleles, even those present at frequencies below 1%. However, practical breeding requires at least 75% elite genome content for reliable phenotyping, as wild traits can hinder trait evaluation. Crossing designs based on elite × wild beet F1s, followed by testcrossing, strike the best balance between maintaining wild allele representation and enabling proper phenotyping. This approach offers a practical solution for integrating wild genetic diversity into sugar beet breeding programs and can be adapted for other outcrossing crop species. By combining empirical population studies with simulation-based breeding design, this thesis provides a robust framework for leveraging wild genetic resources in breeding. The insights gained in this thesis not only contribute to sugar beet breeding but also serve as a model for utilizing crop wild relatives in other breeding programs, emphasizing the importance of in situ conservation, broad sampling, and integrative approaches.Item type: Item , Lipotoxicity mediates Glutaredoxin 5 deficiency and impaired Fe-S cluster synthesis in β-cells promoting ferroptosis(2025) Römer, AxelGlutaredoxin 5 (Glrx5), a key carrier protein for iron-sulfur clusters within the mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly machinery, may represent a relevant mechanism contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes under lipotoxic stress. Impairments in iron-sulfur clusters can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated iron homeostasis, triggering iron-dependent peroxidation of cell membranes and β-cell decay (ferroptosis). Such disruptions in mitochondrial integrity can have profound consequences on cellular metabolism and survival. Treatment of wild type and Glrx5-modified MIN6 cells with oleic acid revealed a detrimental shift in NADH dependent redox potential, as assessed by MTT analysis. Protein analysis showed diminished levels of intracellular insulin and Glrx5, along with decreased Ins2 gene expression, while Glrx5 gene expression remained unchanged, suggesting post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Among iron-sulfur proteins upon oleic acid treatment, cytosolic aconitase activity was attenuated, accompanied by lower protein levels of PolD1 and GPAT. In contrast, mitochondrial aconitase activity, respiratory chain complexes II, III, and IV, and immunoblot signals of cytosolic aconitase, mitochondrial aconitase, UQCRC2, UQCRFS1, COX-2, and COX-6 A/B remained unaffected, highlighting a selective vulnerability to lipotoxic stress. Additional proteins unrelated to Glrx5, such as p-ERK1/2, PDX1, NDUFB8 and the iron-storage protein ferritin light chain, were negatively impacted by oleic acid treatment, further emphasizing the complex regulatory network involved in iron metabolism. Functional impairments in mitochondrial respiration and ATP levels were detected. All observed effects were not reversed by Glrx5 transfection, indicating that Glrx5 may not be the major factor for lipotoxic pathophysiology. Similarly, oleic acid treatment of human EndoC-βH3 cells mirrored the ATP level response seen in MIN6 cells, reinforcing the potential relevance of these findings for human β-cell physiology. The attenuation of cytosolic aconitase activity, despite unchanged immunoblot signals, could be caused by a loss of the iron-sulfur cluster. This could disrupt iron regulation, as indicated by ferritin levels. The findings highlight the response of selected iron-sulfur proteins to lipotoxic stress, suggesting their potential role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Further experimental exploration of lipotoxicity-related mechanisms and their impact on mitochondrial and cytosolic iron-sulfur proteins is essential for understanding the development and potential therapeutic targets of type 2 diabetes.Item type: Item , Satellite Remote Sensing and Machine Learning to Monitor Surface Water Resources in Ethiopia(2026) Abebe, Mathias TesfayeThis study demonstrates that integrating cloud-based remote sensing and machine learning provides a robust and comprehensive framework for monitoring surface water resources in Ethiopia across diverse hydro-climatic and land use and cover (LULC) conditions. Spectral water indices, particularly WI and AWEIsh, prove to be effective for large-scale surface water monitoring, while machine learning approaches, particularly GTB offer high accuracy and valuable long-term spatiotemporal insights when supported by quality training data. The observed increase in surface water extent from 1986 to 2023, coupled with pronounced inter-annual variability, highlights the combined influence of climatic drivers, notably precipitation and temperature, and anthropogenic factors such as LULC change, and dam construction. XGBoost-SHAP-based interpretability further highlights the predominant role of climate alongside the significant, albeit secondary, contribution of LULC transformations to hydrological dynamics. Together, these findings underscore the need for adaptive data-driven water resource management strategies in Ethiopia. These strategies should consider development goals alongside ecosystem sustainability and support climate adaptation. Furthermore, future climate and land use scenarios need to be incorporated to ensure the sustainability and resilience of water resource management.Item type: Item , Murine transfusion-related acute lung injury caused by anti-CD36 antibodies: mechanism and intervention(2026) Chen, DaweiIndividuals lacking CD36 on both platelets and monocytes (type I) are at risk of developing anti-CD36 antibodies after receiving a platelet transfusion or during pregnancy. Anti-CD36 antibodies have been suggested to induce transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) upon blood transfusion, particularly in Asian populations. However, little is known about the pathological mechanism of anti-CD36-mediated TRALI, and potential therapies haven’t yet been identified. Here, we developed a murine model of anti-CD36-mediated TRALI to address these questions. We found that administration of mouse monoclonal antibody against CD36 (mAb GZ1) or human anti-CD36 IgG, but not GZ1 F(ab’)2 fragments, induced severe TRALI in Cd36+/+ male mice. Pre-depletion of recipient monocytes or complement, but not neutrophils or platelets, prevented the development of murine TRALI. Moreover, plasma C5a levels after TRALI induction by anti-CD36 were increased more than 3-fold, implying a critical role of complement C5 activation in the mechanism of Fc-dependent anti-CD36-mediated TRALI. Furthermore, C5−/− mice were protected from anti-CD36–mediated TRALI, not C5aR1−/− mice. C5aR1 and C5aR2 antagonists’ administration did not inhibit TRALI, implying a possible role of C5b-9 (membrane attack complex [MAC]). Accordingly, elevated levels of MAC were detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue of mice with anti-CD36 induced TRALI. Administration of GZ1 F(ab’)2, antioxidant (NAC), IVIG, anti- FcγRII/III (mAb 2.4G2), anti-C5 (mAb BB5.1), anti-C7 (mAb 73D1) or anti-C7 F(ab’)2 before TRALI induction completely protected mice from anti-CD36-mediated TRALI. Inhibition of MAC formation by administration of anti-C7 alleviated TRALI in mice, suggesting the critical role of the MAC in the pathology of anti-CD36-mediated TRALI. Although no significant amelioration in TRALI was observed when mice were injected with GZ1 F(ab’)2 after TRALI induction, significant improvement was achieved when mice were treated post-induction with NAC or anti-C5. Importantly, anti-C5, anti-C7 and anti-C7 F(ab’)2 treatment completely rescued mice from TRALI, suggesting the potential role of existing anti-complement drugs in the treatment of patients with TRALI caused by anti-CD36 antibodies. The activation of complement is a rapid cascade reaction, which results in CD36 antibody-mediated TRALI being an acute response. Therefore, monoclonal antibodies directed against complement activation may be the best treatment.