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Item type: Item , Description of Cohnella rhizoplanae sp. nov., isolated from the root surface of soybean (Glycine max)(2025) Kämpfer, Peter; Glaeser, Stefanie P.; McInroy, John A.; Busse, Hans-Jürgen; Clermont, Dominique; Criscuolo, AlexisA Gram-staining-positive, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JJ-181 T, was isolated from the root surface of soybean. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain JJ-181 T was grouped into the genus Cohnella, most closely related to Cohnella hashimotonis F6_2S_P_1T (98.85%) and C. ginsengisoli GR21-5 T (98.3%). The pairwise average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation values of the JJ-181 T genome assembly against publicly available Cohnella type strain genomes were below 84% and 28%, respectively. The fatty acid profile from whole cell hydrolysates, the cell wall diaminoacid, the quinone system, the polar lipid profile, and the polyamine pattern supported the allocation of strain JJ-181 T to the genus Cohnella. In addition, the results of physiological and biochemical tests also allowed phenotypic differentiation of strain JJ-181 T from its closely-related Cohnella species. Functional analysis revealed that strain JJ-181 T has different gene clusters related to swarming motility, chemotaxis ability, and endospore and biofilm formations. The gene content also suggests the ability of strain JJ-181 T to synthesise biotin and riboflavin, as well as indole-3-acetic acid, an important phytohormone for plant growth. Based on polyphasic analyses, strain JJ-181 T can be classified as a new species of the genus Cohnella, for which we propose the name Cohnella rhizoplanae sp. nov., with strain JJ-181 T (= LMG 31678 T = CIP 112018 T = CCM 9031 T = DSM 110650 T) as the type strain.Item type: Item , A biocontrol perspective on mycoviruses in fungal pathogen management(2025) Galli, Matteo; Sede, Ana; Heinlein, Manfred; Kogel, Karl-HeinzMycoviruses, viruses that infect fungi, have been identified across nearly every fungal taxon. Despite their widespread presence, the ecological effects of mycoviruses remain poorly understood. They can influence the biology of their hosts in various ways, including altering growth, reproduction, and pathogenicity. Their ability to induce either fungal hyper- or hypovirulence and thus regulate general fungal fitness by increasing fungal aggressiveness or, conversely, in extreme cases, converting harmful fungi into beneficial ones, has attracted increasing attention in recent years as a potential means of protecting plants from fungal diseases and pests. Increasing difficulties in controlling fungal diseases, pests and weeds with synthetic chemical pesticides, exacerbated by the emergence of resistance or tolerance to certain active ingredients, and stricter regulatory requirements due to environmental and health concerns, have stimulated interest in alternative approaches. In parallel with the introduction of double-stranded (ds)RNA-based products for crop protection and the fundamental knowledge generated in this field in recent years, the potential use of mycoviruses to control pathogenic fungi appears to be within reach. This review highlights recent advances in the field and emphasizes the potential of mycoviruses as biological control agents (BCAs), with the emphasis on the utilization of mycovirus-induced fungal hypovirulence to control fungi that cause plant diseases and mycovirus-induced fungal hypervirulence to protect plants from fungal hosts such insect pests or weeds.Item type: Item , Nirenberg problem on high dimensional spheres : blow up with residual mass phenomenon(2025) Ahmedou, Mohameden; Ben Ayed, Mohamed; El Mehdi, KhalilIn this paper, we extend the analysis of the subcritical approximation of the Nirenberg problem on spheres recently conducted in Malchiodi and Mayer(J Differ Equ 268(5):2089–2124, 2020; Int Math Res Not 18:14123–14203, 2021). Specifically, we delve into the scenario where the sequence of blowing up solutions exhibits a non-zero weak limit, which necessarily constitutes a solution of the Nirenberg problem itself. Our focus lies in providing a comprehensive description of such blowing up solutions, including precise determinations of blow-up points and blow-up rates. Additionally, we compute the topological contribution of these solutions to the difference in topology between the level sets of the associated Euler-Lagrange functional. Such an analysis is intricate due to the potential degeneracy of the solutions involved. We also provide a partial converse, wherein we construct blowing up solutions when the weak limit is non-degenerate.Item type: Item , Transforming the feeding regime towards low-input increases the environmental impact of organic milk production on a case study farm in central germany(2025) Eisert, Johannes; Sahraei, Amir; Knob, Deise Aline; Lambertz, Christian; Zollitsch, Werner; Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Kral, Iris; Breuer, Lutz; Gattinger, AndreasPurpose: Despite the direct effect of the feeding regime on the environmental impacts of dairy farming systems, its level of intensity, particularly in organic systems, has rarely been investigated. This study compares the environmental impact of a high-input feeding regime with a grassland-based, low-input feeding regime scenario within an organic milk production system conducted on Gladbacherhof, the research farm of Justus Liebig University Giessen, in Central Germany. Methods: An integrated Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was performed from a cradle-to-farm gate perspective to quantify five environmental impacts, namely Global Warming (GW), Non-Renewable Energy Use (NREU), Land Use (LU), Terrestrial Acidification (TA), and Freshwater Eutrophication (FE). All agronomic data of the Gladbacherhof research farm, averaged over the years 2010–2017, were included. When not directly measured on the farm, ecoinvent data were included. Results and discussion: Contrary to our hypothesis, the results suggest that a grassland-based low-input system has a higher environmental impact as compared to a high-input system for each of the five impact categories when using fat and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) as the functional unit. A 50% reduction in concentrates and exclusion of maize silage from the feed ration in the modelled low-input production system lead to a 20% drop in milk yield. To balance the energy content in low-input feeding ration, longer grazing period and higher amount of hay, alfalfa, and grass silage are required. This in turn results in higher emissions from enteric fermentation, manure management, and feed production and hence in higher environmental impact, particularly for GW, TA, and FE. Conclusions: This study is one of the few that directly explores the environmental impact of feeding intensity in an organic milk production system. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research on consolidated emission factors for several greenhouse gas (GHG) sources in organic livestock and cropping systems to perform more robust carbon footprint calculations that comply with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 3 GHG reporting guidelines. To generalize the results at the regional or national scale, direct comparisons with a larger number of organic farms representative of high-input and low-input intensities are still essential.Item type: Item , FIGO - GCH joint consensus statement on the current status and recommendations for the use of blind intrauterine procedures in the evaluation and management of women with suspected intrauterine pathologies(2025) Villegas-Echeverri, Juan Diego; Pope, Rachel; Robert, Magali; Meinhold-Heerlein, Ivo; Haimovich, Sergio; Carugno, José; Pacheco, Luis A.; Sardo, Attilio Di SpiezioHistorically, blind intrauterine procedures such as dilation and curettage (D&C) and blind endometrial biopsies have been the primary approach for diagnosing and managing intrauterine pathologies. However, these techniques lack direct visualization, leading to diagnostic limitations, incomplete treatment, and increased complication rates. Despite substantial advances in hysteroscopic technology, including high-definition imaging and minimally invasive instruments, blind procedures remain widely used. This paper examines the limitations of blind intrauterine procedures, underscoring the advantages of hysteroscopy, which provides real-time visualization and allows for more accurate, targeted interventions. With the adoption of the “See and Treat” philosophy, hysteroscopy enables nearly 90% of procedures to be performed in an office setting, enhancing both patient convenience and outcomes. FIGO and GCH advocate for the gradual replacement of blind procedures with hysteroscopic approaches whenever feasible, noting that hysteroscopy improves diagnostic accuracy, reduces risks, and minimizes the need for repeat interventions. Recommendations include expanding access to hysteroscopy through targeted training, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where financial and logistical barriers limit access to advanced gynecological care. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes the importance of patient-centered care, encouraging transparent counseling to support informed decision-making.