Willkommen bei JLUpub
JLUpub ist das institutionelle Repositorium der Justus-Liebig-Universität.
JLUpub bietet Mitgliedern und Angehörigen der Universität die Möglichkeit neben wissenschaftlichen Dokumenten auch Forschungsdaten elektronisch zu veröffentlichen und dauerhaft zugänglich zu machen. Alle Veröffentlichungen erhalten einen Digital Object Identifier (DOI) und werden über nationale und internationale Bibliothekskataloge sowie Suchmaschinen nachgewiesen und auffindbar.
Neue Veröffentlichungen:
What hinders the transition towards a bio-based construction sector? A global innovation system perspective on its value chain
(2024) Mazzoni, Francesca; Losacker, Sebastian
The construction sector is heavily polluting and an actual threat to the natural environment, therefore its transition towards becoming bio-based is imperative. This transition is currently unfolding and it is driven in particular by innovation activities taking place along the sector’s value chain. In the upstream segment, bio-based materials are being improved, while novel building techniques in the core segment enable the use of these materials. In this paper, we utilize the global innovation systems (GIS) framework to examine these innovation activities and their valuation dynamics. In particular, we investigate how the GIS of the bio-based construction sector is organized along its value chain, providing insights into the barriers to the sector's sustainability transition. Our empirical analysis, based on a rich set of expert interviews, demonstrates that the GIS configuration changes along the value chain, driven by profound differences in the innovation mode. This situation creates a bottleneck that hinders the sector's transition, where knowledge about bio-based materials developed upstream fails to translate down the value chain. However, we also find that several niche firms cover and integrate multiple value chain segments and overcome this knowledge gap, suggesting that the transition towards a bio-based construction sector could accelerate with further innovation system reconfigurations.
Downstream effects of the pandemic? Spatiotemporal trends of quaternary ammonium compounds in suspended particulate matter of German rivers
(2024) Lennartz, Sophie; Koschorreck, Jan; Göckener, Bernd; Weinfurtner, Karlheinz; Frohböse-Körner, Andrea; Siemens, Jan; Balachandran, Sanjana; Glaeser, Stefanie P.; Mulder, Ines
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the preventive use of antimicrobials such as quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) surged worldwide. As cationic and surface-active biocides, QACs are only partly removed during wastewater treatment and may cause adverse ecological effects in the downstream environment. To understand the environmental consequences of increased disinfectant use during the pandemic, we investigated spatiotemporal QAC concentration trends in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) of three diverse German rivers. Covering pooled annual SPM samples from 2006–2021 and monthly samples from 2018–2021 collected by the German Environmental Specimen Bank, 31 QACs were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. ∑QAC concentrations in annual samples differed by more than tenfold between rivers in the order Saar (average 6.7 µg/g) > Rhine (0.9 µg/g) > Mulde (0.3 µg/g). The strongest potential pandemic imprint was however observed in the Mulde (+67 %) and Rhine (+22 %). Besides pandemic dynamics, also seasonal variation and mineral content of SPM tentatively affected QAC concentrations. Exceedance of predicted no-effect concentrations for sediment suggest ecotoxicological risks for long-chained QACs already before the pandemic. Our study thus highlights the importance of monitoring the environmental effects of antimicrobial use during pandemics and calls for an urgent minimization of non-essential applications.
Environmental DNA barcoding reveals general biodiversity patterns in the large tropical rift Lake Albert
(2024) Bálint, Miklós; Tumusiime, Julius; Nakintu, Justine; Baranski, Damian; Schardt, Leonie; Romahn, Juliane; Dusabe, Marie-Claire; Tolo, Casim Umba; Kagoro, Grace Rugunda; Ssenkuba, Francis; Junginger, Annett; Albrecht, Christian
Lake Albert, Africa's seventh-largest lake and a biodiversity hotspot, faces significant environmental challenges, including unregulated anthropogenic pressure and a lack of comprehensive biological studies. To address the scarcity of biodiversity data, we utilized environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to assess the lake's eukaryotic and metazoan communities. Surface water samples were collected at three distinct locations: close to the southern inflow of the Semliki River, the central part of the lake, and close to the northern inflow of the Victoria Nile and outflow of the Albert Nile. We aimed to study ecological patterns across the lake, focusing on sequence variant richness and community composition, testing for differences among locations and between shoreline and pelagic zones. Consistent with previous morphology-based observations, our results revealed differences in community composition among the three sites, with cyclopoid copepods dominating the communities. Distance from shore was a significant factor influencing community composition, confirming expectations about the effects of nutrient and oxygen availability gradients. However, the lack of comprehensive reference sequence data limited accurate taxonomic assignments. Despite these limitations, our study demonstrates that eDNA metabarcoding is highly useful for assessing biodiversity in underexplored tropical freshwater ecosystems. We advocate for urgent efforts to generate reference sequences from tropical regions to enhance the utility of eDNA for biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Our findings underscore the potential of eDNA in providing insights into ecological patterns of entire communities and emphasize the need for comprehensive studies addressing the full taxonomic spectrum in tropical freshwater ecosystems.
Lipid-related ion suppression on the herbicide atrazine in earthworm samples in ToF-SIMS and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging and the role of gas-phase basicity
(2024) Weintraut, Timo; Heiles, Sven; Gerbig, Dennis; Henss, Anja; Junck, Johannes; Düring, Rolf-Alexander; Rohnke, Marcus
In mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), ion suppression can lead to a misinterpretation of results. Particularly phospholipids, most of which exhibit high gas-phase basicity (GB), are known to suppress the detection of metabolites and drugs. This study was initiated by the observation that the signal of an herbicide, i.e., atrazine, was suppressed in MSI investigations of earthworm tissue sections. Herbicide accumulation in earthworms was investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). Additionally, earthworm tissue sections without accumulation of atrazine but with a homogeneous spray deposition of the herbicide were analyzed to highlight region-specific ion suppression. Furthermore, the relationship of signal intensity and GB in binary mixtures of lipids, amino acids, and atrazine was investigated in both MSI techniques. The GB of atrazine was determined experimentally through a linear plot of the obtained intensity ratios of the binary amino acid mixtures, as well as theoretically. The GBs values for atrazine of 896 and 906 kJ/mol in ToF-SIMS and 933 and 987 kJ/mol in MALDI-MSI were determined experimentally and that of 913 kJ/mol by quantum mechanical calculations. Compared with the GB of a major lipid component, phosphatidylcholine (GBPC = 1044.7 kJ/mol), atrazine’s experimentally and computationally determined GBs in this work are significantly lower, making it prone to ion suppression in biological samples containing polar lipids.
Neuropsychologische Begutachtung bei COVID-19-assoziierten Erkrankungen : Empfehlungen aus der und für die Praxis
(2024) Krahl, Gordon Hendrik; Aschenbrenner, Steffen; Billino, Jutta; John, Oliver; Neumann-Zielke, Ludger; Sürer, Fatma; Peper, Martin
Die neuropsychologische Begutachtung von Personen nach Infektionen mit der Coronavirus-Krankheit 2019 (COVID-19) und potenziellen Symptomen des Post-COVID-Syndroms (PCS) im sozialrechtlichen Kontext erfordert nicht nur die Einhaltung spezifischer rechtlicher Vorgaben, sondern auch die Berücksichtigung allgemeiner Leitlinien der Fachgesellschaften. Die PCS-Begutachtung stellt sowohl für Betroffene als auch für Gutachter und Gutachterinnen eine Herausforderung dar, wenn Funktionsdefizite oder Kausalzusammenhänge nicht eindeutig sind. Dieser Artikel vermittelt einen Überblick über relevante Forschungsergebnisse zur Pathogenese und reflektiert aktuelle Rahmenbedingungen und Beurteilungsregularien. Die neuropsychologische PCS-Begutachtung sollte sich in Deutschland an den Leitlinien der Gesellschaft für Neuropsychologie (GNP) orientieren, auch sind die publizierten neurologischen Kriterien zu integrieren. Mit raschem Fortschreiten der PCS-Forschung und hohen interdisziplinären Anforderungen ist ein fachlicher Austausch wesentlich, um die Standards der neuropsychologischen Begutachtung des PCS weiterzuentwickeln.