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Neue Veröffentlichungen:
Correlation of Structural Changes and Hydrogen Diffusion in Polycrystalline WO3 Thin Films by Combining In Situ Transmission Measurements and Raman Spectroscopyin
(2024) Friedrich, Markus S.; Hecker, Tim K.; Strack, Alexander G.; Tuchecker, Paul; Klar, Peter J.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess health-related quality-of-life in cats with hyperthyroidism
(2024) Blunschi, Fabienne; Schofield, Imogen; Muthmann, Sofie; Bauer, Natali B.; Hazuchova, Katarina
Background: Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) assessment tools are becoming increasingly important for the assessment of diseases in veterinary medicine.
Objectives: To develop a tool to assess the HRQoL of hyperthyroid cats and their owners.
Animals: Cats with hyperthyroidism (n = 229) and without hyperthyroidism (n = 322).
Methods: Cross-sectional study design. A preliminary list of 28 questions relating to the HRQoL of hyperthyroid cats and the influence their cat's disease might have on owners was created. Each question consisted of 2 subquestions: (1) “how often does the item apply”; (2) “how strongly does the item affect HRQoL.” The questionnaire was refined based on statistical analysis, including Mann-Whitney-U tests on each item, comparing the results from cats with and without hyperthyroidism. Internal consistency and reliability of the questions were measured by Cronbach's alpha (α). P < .05 was considered significant.
Results: Overall, 25/28 questions were retained within the final HRQoL tool, which had an excellent internal consistency (α = .92). The tool produced a score between 0 and 382 (lower scores meaning better HRQoL). The median HRQoL score was 87.5 (range, 2-348) for cats with hyperthyroidism, and 27 (range, 0-249) for cats without (P < .001), suggesting the HRQoL was poorer in hyperthyroid cats.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: This validated HRQoL tool is useful to reliably quantify the influence of hyperthyroidism on the quality-of-life of affected cats and their owners. In the future, it could be considered of assistance in the clinical assessment of cats with hyperthyroidism.
Dualism of Remarkable Magnesium Ion Conduction with Low Activation Energy over a Wide Temperature Range versus Limited Stability of the Hybrid Composite Electrolyte Mg-MOF-74/MgX2/Propylene Carbonate
(2024) Maile, Ruben; Wei, Zhixuan; Achazi, Andreas Johannes; Wang, Kangli; Henkel, Pascal; Mollenhauer, Doreen; Janek, Jürgen; Müller-Buschbaum, Klaus
A metal–organic framework (MOF) quasi-solid-state Mg2+-ion conductor is prepared with a conductivity of 0.6 × 10−4 S cm−1 already at room temperature. Mg-MOF-74 acts as host for MgX2 (X = Cl−, Br−, BF4−) dissolved in propylene carbonate, leading to dry free-flowing powders with liquid electrolyte exhibiting low activation energy of 0.2 eV with Arrhenius-type behavior (233–333 K). Different halides and pseudohalides reveal an influence of the anions on ionic conductivity, activation energy, and chemical stability. High transference numbers 0.45–0.80 for Mg2+ ions are recorded, being among the highest reported with small and low-cost halides. Against magnesium, an insulating solid electrolyte interface layer forms that prevents a steady-state and full-MOF decomposition, as shown by powder X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. Comparison with pure propylene carbonate shows that the electrolyte is enhanced by MOF addition. Computational studies using density functional theory (DFT) calculations of complexes in solution indicate correlations between the activation energy for Mg2+ migration through the MOF and the Gibbs energy needed to form charged Mg compounds in solution. Furthermore, DFT calculations of complexes within the MOF pore reveal variations in binding energy and charge transfer correlating with experimental transference numbers. Altogether, the high potential of MOFs for quasi-solid-state electrolytes with multivalent cations stability issues are illuminated.
Efgartigimod as Rescue Medication in a Patient with Therapy-Refractory Myasthenic Crisis
(2024) Alhaj Omar, Omar; Diel, Norma J.; Gerner, Stefan T.; Mück, Anna; Huttner, Hagen B.; Krämer-Best, Heidrun H.
Myasthenic crises (MC) are potentially life-threatening acute exacerbations of myasthenia gravis (MG) characterized by profound muscle weakness, bulbar symptoms, and potential for respiratory failure. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PLEX) are conventional treatments for myasthenic exacerbations. Recently, new therapeutic options for generalized acetylcholine-receptor antibody positive (AchR+) MG were approved as an add-on therapy. They mainly consist of complement C5 inhibitors such as eculizumab and ravulizumab and neonatal Fc receptor antagonists such as efgartigimod with the approval of more options pending, e.g., zilucoplan and rozanolixizumab. More therapeutic options are in the pipeline. Although the data show a quick and reliable treatment response, these medications have not been studied for the therapy of myasthenic crisis. We present the case of a 57-year-old male with his first episode of generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) and positive acetylcholine-receptor antibodies (AchR+) who was transferred to our neurological intensive care unit with worsening generalized weakness, dysphagia, and respiratory distress. The crisis was triggered by pneumonia due to dysphagia. He was diagnosed with myasthenic crisis and treated with intravenous pyridostigmine, plasmapheresis (PLEX), and continued prednisone. Initial improvement was followed by deterioration, requiring readmission and additional PLEX. After a further decline, efgartigimod was administered, leading to significant improvement within 48 hours, as evidenced by reduced MG-ADL and QMG scores. The patient continued to improve and was stable enough for transfer to a rehabilitation facility. This case illustrates the potential of efgartigimod as a novel treatment for refractory myasthenic crises.
Histopathology of congestive nephropathy: a case description and literature review
(2024) Husain-Syed, Faeq; Rangaswami, Janani; Núñez, Julio; Skrzypek, Susanne; Jux, Christian; Gröne, Hermann-Josef; Birk, Horst-Walter
Congestive nephropathy is an underappreciated manifestation of cardiorenal syndrome and is characterized by a potentially reversible kidney dysfunction caused by a reduced renal venous outflow secondary to right-sided heart failure or intra-abdominal hypertension. To date, the histological diagnostic criteria for congestive nephropathy have not been defined. We herein report a case of acute renal dysfunction following cardiac allograft failure and present a review of the relevant literature to elucidate the current understanding of the disease. Our case demonstrated that congestion-driven nephropathy may be histopathologically characterized by markedly dilated veins and peritubular capillaries, focally accentuated low-grade acute tubular damage, small areas of interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy on a background of normal glomeruli and predominantly normal tubular cell differentiation.