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Sex-based differences in patients with locally advanced pharyngeal and laryngeal SCC treated with definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy
(2025) Agolli, Linda; Reinhard, Luise; Gawish, Ahmed; Langer, Christine; Arens, Christoph; Krombach, Gabriele A.; Harth, Sebastian; Wendrich, Leon; Exeli, Ann-Katrin; Gattenlöhner, Stefan; Adeberg, Sebastian; Habermehl, Daniel
Defining failure patterns and dynamics in locally advanced pharyngeal and laryngeal SCC following radiotherapy : real-world insights in the modern era!
(2025) Agolli, Linda; Reinhard, Luise; Langer, Christine; Arens, Christoph; Krombach, Gabriele A.; Harth, Sebastian; Lurtz, Andreas; Exeli, Ann-Katrin; Gattenlöhner, Stefan; Habermehl, Daniel
Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of locoregional recurrence (LRR), outcome and prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx treated with intensity-modulated or volume-modulated arc therapy definitive radiotherapy (RT) with or without systemic therapy. Methods: Of the 213 reviewed patients treated between 2016 and 2023, 177 met the inclusion criteria. LRR was defined as recurrence in the primary tumor region or regional nodes. Failure patterns were classified based on a recurrence model, including central high-dose (A), peripheral high-dose (B), central elective(C), peripheral elective (D), and out-of-field recurrence (E). Results: LRR was observed in 50/177 (28.2%) patients and 81 recurrent lesions. Most recurrences occurred within the first year after RT (39/177, 22.0%), predominantly in HPV-negative patients. The majority of failures were within the high-dose target volume (65% type A, 14% type C), with marginal recurrences (types B and D) occurring in 22% of cases and type E in 5% of patients. HPV-positive patients had fewer LRR (16.0% vs. 34.4% in HPV-negative patients). Multivariate analysis identified HPV status as a significant prognostic factor for OS, PFS and LRR. The occurrence of distant metastases showed a negative impact on OS, PFS and LRR. LRR showed a trend toward worse OS (p =0.072). Chemotherapy had a significant effect on PFS and LRR. Conclusion: LRR remains a challenge, especially in HPV-negative patients. Most failures occurred centrally, but marginal and extra-field recurrences highlight the need for improved target delineation and adaptive RT strategies. Further research is needed to optimize treatment in high-risk patients.
Patent Troglostrongylus brevior-, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus-, Angiostrongylus sp.-, and Crenosoma sp. infections in wild Eurasian lynxes (Lynx lynx) and their habitat-sharing gastropod intermediate hosts
(2025) Haas, Marcel; Segeritz, Lisa; Anders, Ole; Middelhoff, Tomma Lilli; Myat Tun, Akary; Hasheminasab, Seyed Sajjad; Cocchiararo, Berardino; Dusch, Alena; Taubert, Anja; Hermosilla, Carlos
The formerly widely spread Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) nowadays represents an endangered large wild felid species in Germany. Recent and ongoing conservation efforts have succeeded in establishing small but stable lynx populations in distinct parts of Germany. However, very little is known on the occurrence of neglected and re-emerging gastropod-borne cardiopulmonary nematodes in wild L. lynx populations in Europe. Therefore, the aim of current study was to estimate metastrongyloid infections in, a group of seven free-ranging, (sub-) adult Eurasian lynxes from the Harz Mountains (Germany) which were equipped with GPS/GSMS collars and in resident gastropod intermediate host populations. Both, lynx scat samples (n = 24) and terrestrial gastropods (n = 153) were collected in close proximity to prey remains left behind by Eurasian lynxes respectively in natural habitats in a non-invasive and un-molested manner. Fresh fecal samples were analyzed for the presence of metastrongyloid first-stage larvae (L1) by standard Baermann funnel technique and morphologically identified to genus level. Morphological metastrongyloid L1 were additionally investigated by PCR for final species identification. Terrestrial gastropods (i.e., slugs, semi-slugs, snails) were morphologically identified to genus level, thereafter artificially digested and analyzed for the presence of lungworm larvae. This work delivers a first report on the occurrence of patent Troglostrongylus brevior-, and Crenosoma sp.-infections in wild Eurasian lynxes in Germany and re-confirms recent findings on Aelurostrongylus abstrusus- and Angiostrongylus sp. infections in these lynxes. Overall, a total lungworm occurrence of 37,5% (9/24) was detected in assessed Eurasian lynx samples and 51.1% (4/7) of lynxes showed patent metastrongyloid infections. In digested terrestrial gastropods, 1.3% (2/153) contained A. vasorum larvae, underlining a successful propagation of A. vasorum life cycle in the Harz Mountains. Hence, we recommend regular monitoring for metastrongyloid infections not only in wild Eurasian lynxes but also in obligate intermediate hosts to better understand their impact on animal and population health to support current conservation efforts on this endangered large felid species in Europe.
Integrated analysis of the occurrence and in situ sediment–water partitioning of selected pharmaceuticals in a riverine system
(2025) Peqini, Aleksandër; Heyde, Benjamin Justus; Brahushi, Ferdi; Düring, Rolf-Alexander
Twelve pharmaceuticals, including stimulant caffeine (CAFF), anti‑inflammatories (naproxen (NPX), ibuprofen (IBU), and diclofenac (DCF)), antibiotics (anhydro‑erythromycin (AETM), azithromycin (ATM), erythromycin (ETM), clindamycin (CMC), ciprofloxacin (CFC), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and trimethoprim (TMP)), and the antiepileptic carbamazepine (CBZ), were analyzed in surface waters and sediments in the Ishmi River basin, Albania, across sea‑sons during 2023 and 2024. This basin is characterized by limited wastewater treatment infrastructure, varying degrees of urban impact, and different environmental conditions. All targeted compounds were detected in water, with the highest concentrations observed near urban areas, particularly at the wastewater‑impacted location LR1 for CAFF, IBU, NPX, and CFC with 22.5, 12.8, 2.7, and 1.8 μg L−1, respectively. Sediment concentrations showed high levels of CFC and ATM, notably during spring with the highest concentrations of 1068 (LR1) and 396 ng g−1 (IR2), respectively, suggesting strong seasonal and spatial variability. Partitioning behavior (Kd and Koc) was investigated in relation to compound‑specific (Dow) and sediment‑specific (pH, organic carbon, CaCO3 and metal content) properties. Significant correlations were found, and multiple regression models successfully predicted in situ Kd values for NPX, IBU, CFC, AETM, and CMC. These findings underline the influence of environmental and sediment characteristics on environmental pharmaceutical distribution.
Transition from irrigation with untreated wastewater to treated wastewater and associated benefits and risks
(2025) Heyde, Benjamin J.; Braun, Melanie; Soufi, Leila; Lüneberg, Kathia; Gallego, Sara; Amelung, Wulf; Axtmann, Katharina; Bierbaum, Gabriele; Glaeser, Stefanie P.; Grohmann, Elisabeth; Arredondo-Hernández, René; Mulder, Ines; Pulami, Dipen; Smalla, Kornelia; Zarfl, Christiane; Siebe, Christina; Siemens, Jan
Investments in “Clean water and sanitation” drive a transition from irrigation with untreated to irrigation with treated wastewater. While this transition reduces many health risks, it may decrease crop yields, and soil carbon storage, cause a release of accumulated pollutants from soils, and increase the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment. A holistic view on multiple SDGs is necessary to maximize benefits and minimize risks of wastewater treatment for irrigation.