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Establishment of an AI-supported scoring system for neuroglial cells
(2025) Bitsch, Annika; Körber, Svenja Susanne Erika; Büttner, Kathrin; Herden, Christiane; Henrich, Manfred
The feasibility of a computer-aided scoring system based on artificial intelligence to detect and classify morphological changes in neuroglial cells was assessed in this study. The system was applied to hippocampal organotypic slice cultures (OHC) from 5 to 7 day-old wild-type and TNF-overexpressing mice in order to analyze effects of a proinflammtory stimulus such as TNF. The area fraction of cells, cell number, number of cell processes and area of the cell nucleus were used as target variables. Immunfluorescence labeling was used to visualize neuronal processes (anti-neurofilaments), microglia (anti-Iba1) and astrocytes (anti-GFAP). The analytic system was able to reliably detect differences in the applied target variables such as the increase in neuronal processes over a period of 14 days in both mouse lines. The number of microglial projections and the microglial cell number provided reliable information about activation level. In addition, the area of microglial cell nuclei was suitable for classification of microglia into activity levels. This scoring system was supported by description of morphology, using the automatically created cell masks. Therefore, this scoring system is suitable for morphological description and linking the morphology with the respective cellular activity level employing analyses of large data sets in a short time.
Polykrisen : Beschleuniger oder Bremser von räumlichen Transformationsprozessen?
(2025) Diller, Christian
Even though the term polycrisis was intensifiedly discussed in the last years to the question of the impact of polycrises on spatial transformation processes, at the most there exist normative requirements but few significant findings. Polycrises always as well are constructions within interest-based political and scientific discourses. To judge the impacts of these discourses on actual political decisions concerning spatial transformations, existing theoretical approaches to the analysis of political decisions can be consulted. But for a satisfying empirical base, a certain temporal distance is necessary, which stands in contradiction to the short attention-cycles of (poly-) crises.
Association between sleep disorders and subsequent heart failure
(2025) Sedighi, Jamschid; Luedde, Mark; Gaensbacher-Kunzendorf, Julia; Hippe, Hans-Joerg; Bauer, Pascal; Assmus, Birgit; Sossalla, Samuel; Kostev, Karel
Individual gaze predicts individual scene descriptions
(2025) Kollenda, Diana; Reher, Anna-Sophia; de Haas, Benjamin
Do different people looking at the same scene perceive individual versions of what’s in front of them? If perception is individual, which mechanisms mediate our particular view of the world? Recent findings have shown systematic observer differences in gaze, but it is unclear whether individual fixation biases translate to divergent impressions of the same scene. Here, we find systematic differences in the scene descriptions individual observers provide for identical complex scenes. Crucially, observer differences in fixation patterns predicted pairwise differences in scene descriptions, particularly the use of nouns, even for out-of-sample images. Part of this could be explained by the individual tendency to fixate text and people predicting corresponding description references. Our results strongly suggest that subjective scene perception is shaped by individual gaze.
First identification of a patent pentastomid pulmonary (Raillietiella orientalis) infection in a captive Meller's chameleon (Trioceros melleri) in Germany
(2025) Sapion-Miranda, Paula; Kniha, Edwin; Walochnik, Julia; Dreyer, Saskia; Fischer, Dominik; Grund, Lisa; Taubert, Anja; Hermosilla, Carlos; Hallinger, Malek J.
A female, zoo-housed, adult Meller's giant one-horned chameleon (Trioceros melleri) showed clinical symptoms including halitosis, obstipation, dysecdysis and shed pentastomid eggs with the faeces. After a patent pentastomiasis was diagnosed, the chameleon's condition worsened after repeated ivermectin treatments, and the animal was euthanized due to animal welfare reasons. The necropsy revealed that the lungs were infected with 29 adult pentastomid specimens. Based on morphological and ultrastructural characteristics pentastomids were identified as Raillietiella orientalis. Additionally, this species identification was confirmed by DNA sequencing (18S rRNA). Pentastomid-infected insects, such as cockroaches, might play an important role in the transmission of R. orientalis as suitable obligate intermediate hosts. Another crucial factor to be considered is the importation of wild caught individuals, providing a potential source for numerous emerging infectious disease transmissions and parasite spillovers. This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, on a patent pulmonary R. orientalis infection in a captive chameleon. We call for further investigations on neglected pentastomid infections in chameleons and lizards kept as pets to better understand implications of this new host record and its possible role in transmission of emerging pentastomiasis.