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Item Die Anfänge des Pietismus in Gießen 1689 bis 1695(1907) Köhler, WaltherItem Application of recombinant DNA technology to studies on plant secondary metabolism(2001) Zárate, Rafael; Yeoman, Michael M.This review which is concerned with the application of recombinant DNA technology to studies on plant secondary metabolism, presents the more common plant transformation strategies and shows how these genetic approaches are being used in attempts to manipulate and increase the yield of secondary metabolites, both in cultures and in transformed plants.The different plant transformation strategies reviewed here are: infection with intact Agrobacteria; particle bombardment, vacuum infiltration and floral dip; viral vectors and finally protoplast fusion. The review continues with examples of the application of several of these transformation strategies in the manipulation of secondary metabolism. These are outlined under four subheadings which include developmentally regulated genes, addition of novel genes, down-regulation of specific genes and insertion of regulatory genes. Finally, under concluding remarks, reference is made to the advances achieved in the manipulation ofplant secondary metabolism and how these approaches may impact on this new.Item Archives and their Actor Networks(2022) Schreiner, Marie-Luise; Páez-Sierra, MónicaItem Aus Briefen Justus von Liebigs(1907) Brand, KurtItem Autographen berühmter Persönlichkeiten(2007) Bader, BerndItem Availability of Heavy Metals in Soils and their Uptake by Vegetable Species(2001) Dieckmann, Sigrid; Melzer, Olaf; Bender, LudwigHead lettuce, bush beans and celery were grown in subsequent years in an experimental field on anthropogenously uncontaminated or heavy metal contaminated soils at a mean pH of 6.3 ± 0.1. The contaminated plots were made up by amending or replacing the upper 20 cm soil layer with heavy metal contaminated alluvial top soil. Contamination includes Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. Phytoavailable fractions of these elements were extracted with 1 M ammoniumnitrate. Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu were also determined in the leaves of all three species as well as in bean pods and celery bulbs. The results show that plant uptake of Cd and Zn increased with increasing soil contamination while the uptake of Pb was low. No dependence of Cu uptake on total soil Cu content could be seen within the given contamination range. The relationship between Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in plants and ammonium nitrate soil extracts was determined bytwofactorial linear regression where r was approximately 0.8 for Zn, 0.7 for Cd and 0.5 for Pb whereas no relationship was found for Cu. For the pot experiments carried out in a greenhouse two different soils (loamy sand, silt loam) were amended with 5 and 10 % metallurgical slag and adjusted to pH levels around 7 and 5 while controls did not contain slag. Phytoavailable heavy metal fractions were extracted from soil samples using ammonium nitrate or Calcium chloride + DTPA (CAT). Spinach was grown on these soils and the concentrations of Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in the shoots correlated with their concentration in the soil extracts. The uptake of these elements by the plants increased with increasing slag amendment and decreasing pH. Strong depression of growth was observed at a pH around 5 in all treatments of the lighter and in the slag treatments of the heavier soil. In the slag treatments this was accompanied by increased endogenous Cd and Zn concentrations. The plant content of Cd, Zn and Pb correlated better with the ammonium nitrate extractable soil fraction of these elements than in the field experiments (r > 0.9). Correlations based on the CAT extractable fraction of Cd and Zn yielded values for r around 0.5 while it was only 0.1 for Pb. As in the field trials correlations for Cu were very poor with both extraction methods.Item Ayurvedic medicines: Some potential plants for medicine from India(2001) Kumar, AshwaniWith the changing pattern of life style most of the diseases are now becoming lifestyle diseases. The traditional systems of medicine based on ancient cultures are primarily concerned with building the body strength which can help in healing the ailments and these systems rely largely on the nature cure. The Ayurvedic system has described a large number of such medicines based on plants or plant product and the determination oftheir morphological and pharmacological or pharmacognostical characters can provide a better understanding of their active principles and mode of action.Item Beitrag zur Geschichte der Chemie in Gießen(1957) Hock, LotharItem Beschreibung des neuen Bibliotheksgebäudes(1984) Schüling, HermannItem Biochemical, Physiological and Morphological Responses of Sugar Beet to Salinization(2001) Eisa, Sayed S.; Ali, Safwat H.Biochemical, physiological and morphological responses of sugar beet grown on sandy soil under three levels of NaCl salinity in irrigation water, i.e. control, 3000 & 6000 ppm was studied in pot experiment. Results showed that root fresh weight linearly decreased by increasing NaCl salinity levels up to 6000 ppm, but sucrose percentage in root was significantly increased. On the other hand, increasing NaCl levels resulted in significant increase of Na content in both of shoot and root Meanwhile, K content in shoot was sharplydecreased but K content in root didn t significantly differ by increasing NaCl levels. Also, under salinity results indicated a strongly negative correlation between shoot osmotic potential and shoot Na content while it was mainly with sucrose concentration in root. Thus, sugar beet plant has an active mechanism to include higher amount of Na in leaves and utilizes it to regulate leave osmotic potential under saline condition. Despite of this mechanism the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance showed significant decrease byincreasing NaCl levels up to 6000 ppm. Moreover, stomatal behavior and stomatalmorphology revealed a gradual response to the level of NaCl salinity used. Stomatal density, area and pore area strongly decreased by raising NaCl level from control to 3000 ppm with no effect on stomatal closure. No further response was shown for stomatal area by increasing NaCl from 3000 to 6000 ppm, while stomatal closure recorded 60% in lower & 30% in upper leaf surface at 6000 ppm NaCl level. Generally, it could be pointed out that the decrease ofsugar beet root fresh weight at low salinity level (3000 ppm) may be due to osmotical stress while at high level of NaCl (6000 ppm) it was attributed to toxic effect of higher Na accumulation on photosynthesis which led to closed stomata in order to inhibit Na transport into leaves.Item Biodiversity of the Indian Desert and it´s value(2001) Kotia, Amit; Kumar, AshwaniThe state of Rajasthan is situated between 23º3 and 30º12 N latitude and 69º30 and 78º17 E longitude . The total land area of the state is about 3,24,239 km² , out of which about 1,98,100 km² is arid and the rest semi arid. The physical features are characterized mainly by the Aravallis and to the some extent by the vindhyan formation, and the Deccan trap. A major portion of western Rajasthan has desert soils and sandy plains. Sand dunes occupy a greaterpart of western Rajasthan ( 1,20, 983 km²). The soils of the desert plains are loamy sand to loam and the eastern part has alluvial soil which supports good forests and agricultural crop. Occurrence of saline soils with pH up to 9.0 is a common feature in the sandy areas of Rajasthan. The average annual rainfall in the state is 525-675 mm, and the annual precipitation in different tracts of Rajasthan varies from 13 mm to 1766 mm. Out of the total area , forests cover only about 37,638 km² and are rich in biodiversity. Rajasthan is rich inbiodiversity which has a great economic value. Characterization of different plant species of economic value was undertaken. (Table 1-6).Item Bioengineering of crops for biofuels and bioenergy(2001) Kumar, AshwaniBiomass contributes a significant share of global primary energy consumption and its importance is likely to increase in future world energy scenarios. Current biomass use, although not sustainable in some cases, replaces fossil fuel consumption and results in avoided CO2 emissions, representing about 2.7 to 8.8 % of 1998 anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The global biomass energy potential is large, estimated at about 104 EJ/a. Hence, biomass has the potential to avoid significant fossil fuel consumption, potentially between 17and 36 % of the current level and CO2 emissions potentially between 12 and 44 % of the 1998 level. Modern biomass energy use can contribute to controlling CO2 emissions to the atmosphere while fostering local and regional development. There is significant scope then to integrate biomass energy with agriculture, forestry and climate change policies. Further the advantages from utilization of biomass include: liquid fuels produced from biomass contain no sulfur, thus avoiding SO2 emissions and also reducing emission of N0x. The production of compost as a soil conditioner avoids deterioration of soil. Improved agronomic practices of well managed biomass plantations will also provide a basis for environmental improvement by helping to stabilize certain soils, avoiding desertification which is already occurring rapidly in tropical countries. The creation of new employmentopportunities within the community and particularly in rural areas will be one of the major social benefits. The specific research work carried out in the areas of biomass production and utilization in less fertile areas will provide satisfactory answers to the double challenge of energy crisis and forced deforestation in the country and semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan. The possibility of conversion of biomass into liquid fuels and electricity will makeit possible to supply part of the increasing demand for primary energy and thus reduce crude petroleum imports which entail heavy expenditure on foreign exchange. The families Euphorbiaceae ( Euphorbia antisyphilitica, E. tithymaloides, E. caducifolia E. royleana E. neerifolia etc. and Ascelpiadaceae ( Calotropis gigantea and C. procera ) which have been worked out in previous years ( Kumar, 2000) will form the basis for further studies.Item Christoph Helwig (Helvicus) als Didaktiker (1605 bis 1617)(1907) Siebeck, HermanItem Chronik der Ludwigs-Universität Gießen 1907-1945 und der Justus Liebig-Hochschule Gießen 1946-1957(1957) Rehmann, WilhelmDie Chronik gliedert sich in 4 Teile: I. Ludwigs-Universität, enhaltend ein Biographisches Lexikon 1907-1945 (S. 451-491), eine Liste der Lehrbeauftragten (S. 491-492), ein Verzeichnis der Rektoren, Exrektoren, Kanzler und Prorektoren (S. 492-493), der Ehrensenatoren (S. 493-494) und der Ehrenpromotionen (S. 495-502). II. Professoren und Dozenten der Justus-Liebig-Hochschule (1946-1957)(S. 502-515),Verzeichnis der Lehrbeauftragten (S. 515-516), der Rektoren und Prorektoren (S.516-517), der Ehrensenatoren (S. 517) und der Ehrenpromotionen (S. 517-519). III. Nachträge zur Festschrift 1907 (S. 519-530), IV. Regesten (S. 530-542) mit Register (S. 542-543)Item Chronik der Universität Gießen von 1607 - 1907(1907) Haupt, Herman; Lehnert, GeorgIm Anschluss an das Vorwort (S. 365-369) beschreibt der erste Teil der Chronik (S. 371-409) die Entwicklung der Universität im Zeitraum von 1651 bis 1907 mittels kurzer Schilderungen der wichtigsten Ereignisse jeden Jahres. Den zweite Teil der Chronik (S. 411-467) bildet ein biographisches Lexikon der Professoren und Dozenten der Universität seit ihrer Gründung. Die Regesten der Chronik (S. 469-474) bilden den Schluss dieses Teils der Festschrift.Item Elizabeth Gaskells "North and South" als spatial story(2022) Sebastian, Larissa