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Inkjet-printed quantum dots on paper as concept towards high-density long-term data storage
(2024) Mengel, Nils; Welzel, Marius; Niedenthal, Woldemar; Stein, Markus; Heider, Dominik; Chatterjee, Sangam
Handling and storing the immense amounts of data native to the information age is a major challenge in terms of technological sustainability and energy demand. To date, tape storage remains the most widespread method for data archiving, while DNA data storage appears to offer the best data density and long-term stability in the future. However, DNA data storage is still in its infancy primarily due to economic and accessibility challenges. This emphasizes the need for more practical and readily available alternatives. We present a method for data storage utilizing inkjet printable quantum dots on paper with photoluminescence (PL) readout. Our proof of principle study showcases the ability to print and stack multiple bits of data on a single spot by exploiting the unique PL properties of quantum dots. This approach utilizes easily accessible resources, including a consumer-grade printer and paper as the substrate. Additionally, we perform initial stability tests, investigate scalability by controlling emission intensity, and evaluate the potential data density achievable by our approach.
The relationship between pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, and environmental impact: a meta-analysis
(2024) Krumm, Laura
A substantial change towards more pro-environmental behavior (PEB) is essential to reach the required reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change. These behavior changes will have consequences on people’s daily lives and thus might affect their well-being. Previous research generally finds positive correlations between PEB and well-being. This meta-analysis explores whether the relationship between PEB and well-being depends on the environmental impact of the performed PEB. Overall, the paper finds a small but significant positive relation between PEB and well-being. When accounting for the environmental impact of the PEB, however, the positive relationship only remains for low-impact PEB. The meta-analysis does not provide any evidence that engaging in high-impact PEB relates to well-being. Consequently, these findings demonstrate that there is more ambiguity in the relationship between PEB and well-being than previously described in the literature and that the environmental impact of PEB matters when evaluating its relationship with well-being. These findings have important implications for policy-making trying to facilitate mitigation efforts that ultimately aim to balance the well-being of the current and future generations.
Design, synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines and their zinc-complexes
(2024) Marner, Michael; Kulhanek, Niclas; Eichberg, Johanna; Hardes, Kornelia; Molin, Michael Dal; Rybniker, Jan; Kirchner, Michael; Schäberle, Till F.; Göttlich, Richard
Tuberculosis has remained one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases. The complexity and numerous adverse effects of current treatment options as well as the emergence of multi-drug resistant M. tuberculosis (Mtb) demand research and innovation efforts to yield new anti-mycobacterial agents. In this study, we synthesized a series of imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines, including 4 new analogs, and evaluated their activity against Mtb. Inspired by previous studies, we also designed 8 compounds featuring a coordinated metal ion, determined their absolute configuration by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and included them in the bioactivity study. Remarkably, the metal complexation of 5c with either Zn2+ or Fe2+ increased the Mtb inhibitory activity of the compound 12.5-fold and reduced its cytotoxicity. Ultimately, out of the 21 analyzed imidazo[1,5-a]quinoline analogs, two zinc complexes (C1 and C7) showed the strongest, specific activity against Mtb H37Rv in vitro (IC90 = 7.7 and 17.7 μM).
The enol of isobutyric acid
(2024) Danho, Akkad; Mardyukov, Artur; Schreiner, Peter R.
We present the gas-phase synthesis of 2-methyl-prop-1-ene-1,1-diol, an unreported higher energy tautomer of isobutyric acid. The enol was captured in an argon matrix at 3.5 K, characterized spectroscopically and by DFT computations. The enol rearranges likely photochemically to isobutyric acid and dimethylketene. We also identified propene, likely photochemically formed from dimethylketene.
Screening of a-amylase/trypsin inhibitor activity in wheat, spelt and einkorn by high-performance thin-layer chromatography
(2024) Müller, Isabel; Schmid, Bianca; Bosa, Loredana; Morlock, Gertrud Elisabeth
α-Amylase/trypsin inhibitor proteins (ATI) are discussed as possible triggers for non-celiac gluten sensitivity. The potential of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was studied for the first time to analyse the inhibitory properties of ATIs from flour of wheat, spelt, and einkorn. Inhibition by each flour of the digestive enzymes trypsin or α-amylase was determined by the reduction of released metabolisation products in comparison to non-digested flour, and positive (acarbose) and negative (water) controls. Firstly, amylolysis was carried out in miniaturized form on the HPTLC surface (HPTLC-nanoGIT) after in-vial pre-incubation of the amylase with the inhibitors from flour. α-Amylase inhibition was evident via the reduction of released saccharides, as analysed by normal phase HPTLC. A strong influence of the flour matrix on the assay results (individual saccharides) was evident, caused by an increased amylolysis of further polysaccharides present, making HPTLC analysis more reliable than currently used spectrophotometric sum value assays. The detection and visualization of such matrix influence helps to understand the problems associated with spectrophotometric assays. Only maltotriose was identified as a reliable marker of the amylolysis. The highest α-amylase inhibition and thus the lowest saccharide response was detected for maltotriose in refined spelt, whereas the lowest α-amylase inhibition and thus the highest saccharide response was detected for maltotriose in refined wheat. A comparison of refined and whole grain flours showed no clear trend in the responses. Secondly, trypsin inhibition and proteolysis were performed in-vial, and any inhibition was evident via the reduction of released peptides, analysed by reversed-phase HPTLC. Based on the product pattern of the proteolysis, einkorn and whole wheat showed the highest trypsin inhibition, whereas refined wheat and refined spelt showed the lowest inhibition. Advantageously, HPTLC analysis provided important information on changes in individual saccharides or peptides, which was more reliable and sustainable than spectrophotometric in-vial assays (only sum value) or liquid column chromatography analysis (targeting only the ATI proteins).
On-surface synthesis – Ullmann coupling reactions on N-heterocyclic carbene functionalized gold nanoparticles
(2024) Ukah, Nathaniel; Wegner, Hermann A.
Organic on-surface syntheses promise to be a useful method for direct integration of organic molecules onto 2-dimensional (2D) flat surfaces. In the past years, there has been an increasing understanding of the mechanistic details of reactions on surfaces, however, mostly under ultra-high vacuum on very defined surfaces. Herein, we expand the scope to gold nanoparticles (AuNps) in solution via an Ullmann reaction of aryl halides connected via N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to AuNps. Through design and syntheses of various organic precursors, we address the influence of the contact angle, reactivity of the halogen and the proximity of the entire coupling partner on on-surface reactivities, thus, establishing general parameters governing organic on-surface syntheses on AuNps in solution, in comparison with the reactivity on defined surfaces under ultra-high vacuum. The retention of such halogenated Nps even at higher reaction temperatures holds great promise in the fields of materials engineering, nanotechnology and molecular self-assembly, while expanding the toolbox of organic chemistry synthesis in accessing various covalent architectures.
Exploring the interactions of glyphosate in soil: the sorption scenario upon soil depletion and effect on waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) growth
(2024) Diagboya, Paul N.; Olu-Owolabi, Bamidele I.; Düring, Rolf-Alexander
The pesticide glyphosate has contributed immensely to the ease of farming and high yields. However, the ever-increasing environmental input of pesticides is of particular interest due to several unintended effects on non-target organisms. In soil, the sorption, transport, possible uptake, and effect on plant growth are still not well understood, and much so for the sub-Sahara. Sorption processes are contingent on the soil composition, characteristics, and ambient conditions, and these are becoming increasingly affected by climate change in a way that may alter pesticide fate. Hence, representative sub-Saharan whole soil (WS) treated to eliminate organic matter (OMR) and iron oxides (IOR) was employed to ascertain the contributions of these major constituents to glyphosate sorption processes, as well as ascertain the effect of glyphosate in soil on the growth of Talinum triangulare–waterleaf. Glyphosate sorption for all treatments was rapid with equilibrium at around 720 min. The sorption decreased as pH increased, and was concentration-dependent, gradually increasing with glyphosate concentration. The process was endothermic, and sorption data were better described by the fractal pseudo-second-order and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models, suggesting a complex interplay of interactive sorption forces. The IOR sample (with iron oxide depleted but organic matter intact) exhibited higher sorption than the OMR and WS, highlighting the contribution of organic matter in glyphosate sorption. Hysteresis was high for all samples and increased with temperature. Considering the unregulated usage of glyphosate in the sub-Sahara, the poor sorption, especially in treated soils, observed in this study suggests a high possibility of glyphosate leaching into the aquifer and poisoning of this water source, while the high hysteresis implied the bio-availability of glyphosate in surface soil for plant absorption, hence affecting growth; as confirmed in the waterleaf growth study where growth in the organic-matter/iron-oxide-depleted soils was substantially stunted. Hence, glyphosate affects waterleaf growth, especially in organic-matter/iron-oxide-depleted soils.
Skin Transillumination Improves Peripheral Vein Cannulation by Residents in Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(2024) Hinterstein, Samantha; Ehrhardt, Harald; Zimmer, Klaus-Peter; Windhorst, Anita Cornelia; Kappesser, Judith; Hermann, Christiane; Schuler, Rahel; Waitz, Markus
Introduction: Establishing peripheral vein access is challenging for pediatric residents and a painful procedure for neonates. We assessed the efficacy of a red light-emitting diode transilluminator during peripheral vein catheter insertion performed by pediatric residents. Methods: Patients were stratified by current weight (≤1,500 g, >1,500 g) and randomized to the transillumination or the control group. The first three attempts were performed by pediatric residents, followed by three attempts by a neonatologist. The primary outcome was success at first attempt. Secondary comparisons included time to successful insertion and overall success rates of residents and neonatologists. Results: A total of 559 procedures were analyzed. The success rate at resident’s first attempt was 44/93 (47%) with transillumination versus 44/90 (49%) without transillumination (p = 0.88) in the strata ≤1,500 g and 103/188 (55%) with transillumination versus 64/188 (34%) without transillumination in the strata >1,500 g (p < 0.001). The overall success rate for residents was 86% in the transillumination versus 73% in the control group in the strata >1,500 g (p = 0.003) but not different in the strata ≤1,500 g (78/93 [84%] vs. 72/90 [80%], p = 0.57). There was no effect when the experience level of residents exceeded 6 months. Neonatologists’ overall success rate and time to successful cannulation did not differ significantly in both weight strata. Conclusion: Transillumination improves the first-attempt success rate of peripheral vein cannulation performed by pediatric residents in neonates >1,500 g, while no benefit was found in infants ≤1,500 g.
Toxascaris leonina in dogs – A nematode species of high prevalence in some regions of Eurasia
(2024) Bauer, Christian; Lider, Lyudmila A.; Ussenbayev, Altay E.; Seitkamzina, Dinara M.; Zhanabayev, Asylbek A.; Maksimov, Pavlo; Knaus, Martin
A recent meta-analysis of studies from around the world had shown a global prevalence of Toxascaris leonina in stray dogs of about 7%. However, studies from Eurasian regions, where higher percentages of positive dogs were often found, were under-represented in this meta-analysis. This prompted the present study. Its main objective was to examine free-roaming dogs from the capital city of Kazakhstan to obtain information on the current occurrence of T. leonina egg shedding compared to Toxocara spp. Faecal samples from 500 free-roaming dogs from the city of Astana and its suburbs were collected 1–2 days after admission to the municipal animal shelter during three time periods (May to October 2019, September 2020, and April 2021). Samples were examined by a saline flotation method. Nematode egg-positive samples were subjected to a modified McMaster method to determine the number of eggs per gram of faeces (EPG). Toxascaris leonina eggs were found in 53.8% and Toxocara spp. eggs in 14.8% of the dogs examined. The prevalence of T. leonina egg shedding was significantly associated with age class but not with sex: dogs aged between 6 months and 2 years were more likely to be T. leonina egg positive than puppies. The intensity of T. leonina egg shedding was also age dependent: dogs aged between 6 months and 2 years had significantly higher EPGs compared to younger or older animals. In contrast, the prevalence of Toxocara spp. egg shedding was associated with both age class and sex: dogs older than 2 years were less likely to shed Toxocara spp. eggs than puppies, and females were less likely to be Toxocara spp. egg positive compared to males. The present results confirm those of other studies in Eurasian regions. It is therefore reasonable to assume that the global prevalence of T. leonina infection has been underestimated and should be revised accordingly.
Transect sampling for soil organic carbon monitoring in temperate alley cropping systems - A review and standardized guideline
(2024) Minarsch, Eva-Maria L.; Schierning, Philip; Wichern, Florian; Gattinger, Andreas; Weckenbrock, Philipp
Agroforestry systems provide significant ecosystem services, including soil organic carbon sequestration. However, the structural complexity of these systems must be considered when taking samples. In particular, when sampling in the tree- and arable- or grassland strips of alley cropping systems (ACS), different levels of tree influence must be taken into account. The heterogeneity of soil sampling approaches in ACS has been creating challenges for comparability and the integration of findings in meta-analyses. Furthermore, some of the sampling approaches have led to biases of over- or underestimation of the tree influence for the whole system. We evaluated 48 studies of a published meta-analysis on soil organic carbon sequestration in temperate agroforestry systems, to identify, document and quantify potential biases associated with transect soil sampling in ACS. In all of the 23 transect designs evaluated in detail, at least one of the six identified biases was observed. Overall, 10 out of the 23 transect designs did not include soil sampling in the tree strip, which may lead to an underestimation of the tree influence. On the other hand, an overestimation of the tree influence may occur when the tree- and arable strips are not weighted for their respective area shares, which was considered only in three transect designs. To address the identified biases and enhance the accuracy and comparability of soil organic carbon analyses in ACS we propose a standardized guideline for transect sampling in temperate ACS.
The asymmetric effect of supply chain pressure on inflation
(2024) Tillmann, Peter
We estimate the effect of global supply chain disruptions on inflation for a panel of 28 European countries. Adverse shocks have a stronger and more persistent effect than favorable shocks.
National specialization and diversification in the bioeconomy: Insights from biobased technologies in chemical and pharmaceutical sectors
(2024) Fischer, Lennart; Losacker, Sebastian; Wydra, Sven
Facilitating the transformation of innovation systems is a vital endeavor within the global quest to diminish the detrimental environmental consequences of economic activities. Against this background, scholars and policymakers emphasize the potentials of a societal transition towards a ‘bioeconomy’. In this paper, we study the technological specialization of countries in biobased technologies relating to chemicals and pharmaceuticals, which are key constituents for a future bioeconomy. By identifying these technologies in patent and publication data, we analyse specialization and diversification processes for 15 countries from 1997 to 2019. We find that countries that already had a relative advantage in biobased technologies are more likely to develop new specializations in technologies that relate to the bioeconomy. Beyond that, countries' specialization in biobased technologies varies between basic research (scientific publications) and applied research (patents). Our study also shows that greater technological complexity tends to limit specialization in biobased publications, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions supporting the bioeconomy.
Arterial thromboembolism in a cat with transient myocardial thickening
(2024) Vollmar, C.; Mitropoulou, A.; Hassdenteufel, E.; Hildebrandt, N.; Schneider, M.
Feline arterial thromboembolism has been reported to be secondary to various feline cardiomyopathies; however, it has not been described in cats with transient myocardial thickening. A previously healthy, one-year-old, castrated male cat presented with acute paraparesis and congestive heart failure. Echocardiography revealed asymmetric left ventricular free wall thickening and left atrial enlargement. Antithrombotic treatment and cardiac medication resulted in reperfusion and mobility on day seven in one limb and on day 10 in the other. Different complications were managed successfully, including worsening acute kidney injury, inflammation, pleural effusion, and anemia. After three weeks, the cat was discharged and prescribed oral antithrombotic drugs (clopidogrel and rivaroxaban) and cardiac medication. Within five months, echocardiographic findings normalized, and medical treatment was gradually discontinued. To date, the cat remains healthy at 1735 days after the initial diagnosis and 1494 days after the last antithrombotic medication. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on feline arterial thromboembolism combined with transient myocardial thickening, with favorable long-term survival.
Individual differences in internal models explain idiosyncrasies in scene perception
(2024) Wang, Gongting; Foxwell, Matthew J.; Cichy, Radoslaw M.; Pitcher, David; Kaiser, Daniel
According to predictive processing theories, vision is facilitated by predictions derived from our internal models of what the world should look like. However, the contents of these models and how they vary across people remains unclear. Here, we use drawing as a behavioral readout of the contents of the internal models in individual participants. Participants were first asked to draw typical versions of scene categories, as descriptors of their internal models. These drawings were converted into standardized 3d renders, which we used as stimuli in subsequent scene categorization experiments. Across two experiments, participants' scene categorization was more accurate for renders tailored to their own drawings compared to renders based on others' drawings or copies of scene photographs, suggesting that scene perception is determined by a match with idiosyncratic internal models. Using a deep neural network to computationally evaluate similarities between scene renders, we further demonstrate that graded similarity to the render based on participants' own typical drawings (and thus to their internal model) predicts categorization performance across a range of candidate scenes. Together, our results showcase the potential of a new method for understanding individual differences – starting from participants' personal expectations about the structure of real-world scenes.
3-spherical twin buildings
(2024) Bischof, Sebastian
We classify thick irreducible 3-spherical twin buildings of rank at least 3 in which every panel contains at least 6 chambers. Together with the Main result of [11] we obtain a classification of thick irreducible 3-spherical twin buildings.
Cardiomyocyte maturation alters molecular stress response capacities and determines cell survival upon mitochondrial dysfunction
(2024) Schraps, Nina; Tirre, Michaela; Pyschny, Simon; Reis, Anna; Schlierbach, Hannah; Seidl, Matthias; Kehl, Hans-Gerd; Schänzer, Anne; Heger, Jacqueline; Jux, Christian; Drenckhahn, Jörg-Detlef
Cardiomyocyte maturation during pre- and postnatal development requires multiple intertwined processes, including a switch in energy generation from glucose utilization in the embryonic heart towards fatty acid oxidation after birth. This is accompanied by a boost in mitochondrial mass to increase capacities for oxidative phosphorylation and ATP generation required for efficient contraction. Whether cardiomyocyte differentiation is paralleled by augmented capacities to deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS), physiological byproducts of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), is less clear. Here we show that expression of genes and proteins involved in redox homeostasis and protein quality control within mitochondria increases after birth in the mouse and human heart. Using primary embryonic, neonatal and adult mouse cardiomyocytes in vitro we investigated how excessive ROS production induced by mitochondrial dysfunction affects cell survival and stress response at different stages of maturation. Embryonic and neonatal cardiomyocytes largely tolerate inhibition of ETC complex III by antimycin A (AMA) as well as ATP synthase (complex V) by oligomycin but are susceptible to complex I inhibition by rotenone. All three inhibitors alter the intracellular distribution and ultrastructure of mitochondria in neonatal cardiomyocytes. In contrast, adult cardiomyocytes treated with AMA undergo rapid morphological changes and cellular disintegration. At the molecular level embryonic cardiomyocytes activate antioxidative defense mechanisms, the integrated stress response (ISR) and ER stress but not the mitochondrial unfolded protein response upon complex III inhibition. In contrast, adult cardiomyocytes fail to activate the ISR and antioxidative proteins following AMA treatment. In conclusion, our results identified fundamental differences in cell survival and stress response in differentiated compared to immature cardiomyocytes subjected to mitochondrial dysfunction. The high stress tolerance of immature cardiomyocytes might allow outlasting unfavorable intrauterine conditions thereby preventing fetal or perinatal heart disease and may contribute to the regenerative capacity of the embryonic and neonatal mammalian heart.
Microbiological quality of raw beef imported into the European Union from third countries
(2024) Rinn, Nicola; Braun, Ann-Sophie; Müller, Anja; Wadepohl, Katharina; Gerulat, Bettina; Kumm, Franziska; Yue, Min; Kehrenberg, Corinna
Raw beef imported into the European Union (EU) from third countries must fulfill the same legal requirements as products from EU member states. Recently, the microbiological quality of 100 raw beef samples imported from third countries into the EU was investigated. Samples were quantitatively analyzed according to DIN ISO standard methods for aerobic mesophilic colony counts (ACC), counts of Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, coagulase-positive staphylococci and qualitatively for L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. Samples were also screened for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). Detected STEC isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing. An E. coli prevalence of 3 % was detected, with one sample exceeding the critical value of the German Society for Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM). Coagulase-positive staphylococci were found in one sample, but at a level below the DGHM guidance value. In three samples, L. monocytogenes were detected quantitatively, but none of these surpassed the critical value. Salmonella spp. were not detected, but Enterobacteriaceae were present in 83 % of the samples, of which 40 % surpassed the critical value. Combined with detected high values of ACC, this may indicate hygiene deficiencies. Additionally, STEC-screening showed a prevalence of 2 % and both STEC isolates harbored stx1 and stx2. Overall, the occurrence of foodborne pathogens in the samples analyzed was low, but DGHM requirements for raw beef were not completely fulfilled. In combination with the detection of STEC, this may represent a potential health hazard for consumers.
How long must a post be? A retrospective survival analysis on a large cohort with long follow-ups
(2024) Reich, Sarah Marie; Walther, Kay-Arne; Wöstmann, Bernd; Rehmann, Peter; Vogler, Jonas Adrian Helmut
Objectives: Post and core (PC) is frequently used, but clinical evidence concerning how long a post must be is scarce. Recommendations in dental literature range from half of the root which should be incorporated, to post space preparations conducted as deep as possible increasing the risk for root perforation thus tooth loss. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective survival analysis is to evaluate the post length as well as the post-clinical crown ratio on a large patient cohort with long follow-ups. Materials and methods: Overall 1026 PC in 731 patients could be included in this study (2004–2023). The files were analysed due to the parameters post length and post-clinical crown ratio on X-Ray. Furthermore, the influence of the type of covering prosthetic restoration, location, type of tooth, luting material, PC material, bone attachment and therapist was evaluated. The statistical analysis was assessed using Kaplan-Meier (univariate influences) and Cox regression (multifactorial influences). Results: Survival until extraction as well as decementation was significantly influenced by bone attachment and covering prosthetic restoration. Posts reaching the middle third of the root showed highly significant (p < 0.001) better survival probabilities than those reaching the coronal or apical third. Regarding the post-clinical crown ratio, no significant difference was found for post = crown/post > crown, whereas post
Mechanistic interpretation of the sorption of terbuthylazine pesticide onto aged microplastics
(2024) Junck, Johannes; Diagboya, Paul N.; Peqini, Aleksander; Rohnke, Marcus; Düring, Rolf-Alexander
Microplastics (MPs) pose a global concern due to their ubiquitous distribution. Once in the environment, they are subject to aging, which changes their chemical-physical properties and ability to interact with organic pollutants, such as pesticides. Therefore, this study investigated the interaction of the hydrophobic herbicide terbuthylazine (TBA), which is widely used in agriculture, with artificially aged polyethylene (PE) MP (PE-MP) to understand how aging affects its sorption. PE was aged by an accelerated weathering process including UV irradiation, hydrogen peroxide, and ultrasonic treatment, and aged particles were characterized in comparison to pristine particles. Sorption kinetics were performed for aged and pristine materials, while further sorption studies with aged PE-MP included determining environmental factors such as pH, temperature, and TBA concentration. Sorption of TBA was found to be significantly lower on aged PE-MP compared to pristine particles because aging led to the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups, resulting in a reduction in hydrophobicity and the formation of negatively charged sites on oxidized surfaces. For pristine PE-MP, sorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, while it was intra-particle diffusion for aged PE-MP as a result of crack and pore formation. Sorption followed a decreasing trend with increasing pH, while it became less favorable at higher temperatures. The isotherm data revealed a complex sorption process on altered, heterogeneous surfaces involving hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, and the process was best described by the Sips adsorption isotherm model. Desorption was found to be low, confirming a strong interaction. However, thermodynamic results imply that increased temperatures, such as those resulting from climate change, could promote the re-release of TBA from aged PE-MP into the environment. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) confirmed TBA sorption onto PE.
A reductionist perspective on HIF-1a's role in cell proliferation under non-hypoxic conditions
(2024) Dreute, Jan; Pfisterer, Maximilian; Schmitz, M. Lienhard
The role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in the control of proliferation under non-hypoxic conditions has been investigated in numerous studies, but does not yield a coherent picture. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis of existing literature to systematically evaluate the role of HIF-1α, based on a number of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies analyzing non-transformed, primary cells showed a largely heterogeneous distribution of pro-proliferative, anti-proliferative or absent functions for HIF-1α, which are co-determined by several parameters, including the type and age of the cell and its localization in tissues and organs. In contrast, the analyses of tumor cells showed a predominantly pro-proliferative role of HIF-1α by cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic molecular mechanism not yet understood.

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