Additional approaches to assess the Vietnam Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI)

Abstract

To supply an additional approach to the current PCI rank, this study promotes a new rank based on technical efficiency scores. Components of PCI are used as inputs to produce outputs which are business indicators. While technical efficiency and PCI ranks are supplements for each other in annual assessments, the Malmquist index and its compositions may be long-term indicators to reflect the performance improvement of the local governments to attract investments.