Active Haptic Exploration of Softness: Indentation Force Is Systematically Related to Prediction, Sensation and Motivation

dc.contributor.authorLezkan, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorMetzger, Anna
dc.contributor.authorDrewing, Knut
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-18T09:55:33Z
dc.date.available2020-11-30T15:33:29Z
dc.date.available2022-11-18T09:55:33Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractActive finger movements play a crucial role in natural haptic perception. For the perception of different haptic properties people use different well-chosen movement schemes (Lederman and Klatzky, 1987). The haptic property of softness is stereotypically judged by repeatedly pressing one´s finger against an objects´ surface, actively indenting the object. It has been shown that people adjust the peak indentation forces of their pressing movements to the expected stimulus´ softness in order to improve perception (Kaim and Drewing, 2011). Here, we aim to clarify the mechanisms underlying such adjustments. We disentangle how people modulate executed peak indentation forces depending on predictive vs. sensory signals to softness, and investigate the influence of the participants´ motivational state on movement adjustments. In Experiment 1, participants performed a two alternative forced-choice (2AFC) softness discrimination task for stimulus pairs from one of four softness categories. We manipulated the predictability of the softness category. Either all stimuli of the same category were presented in a blocked fashion, which allowed predicting the softness category of the upcoming pair (predictive signals high), or stimuli from different categories were randomly intermixed, which made prediction impossible (predictive signals low). Sensory signals to softness category of the two stimuli in a pair are gathered during exploration. We contrasted the first indentation (sensory signals low) and last indentation (sensory signals high) in order to examine the effect of sensory signals. The results demonstrate that participants systematically apply lower forces when softer objects (as compared to harder objects) are indicated by predictive signals. Notably, sensory signals seemed to be not as relevant as predictive signals. However, in Experiment 2, we manipulated participant motivation by introducing rewards for good performance, and showed that the use of sensory information for movement adjustments can be fostered by high motivation. Overall, the present study demonstrates that exploratory movements are adjusted to the actual perceptual situation and that in the process of fine-tuning, closed- and open-loop mechanisms interact, with varying contributions depending on the observer´s motivation.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:26-opus-157273
dc.identifier.urihttps://jlupub.ub.uni-giessen.de//handle/jlupub/9582
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-8970
dc.language.isoende_DE
dc.rightsNamensnennung 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjecthaptic perceptionen
dc.subjectsoftnessen
dc.subjectexploratory movementsen
dc.subjectmovement controlen
dc.subjectaction and perceptionen
dc.subject.ddcddc:150de_DE
dc.titleActive Haptic Exploration of Softness: Indentation Force Is Systematically Related to Prediction, Sensation and Motivationen
dc.typearticlede_DE
local.affiliationFB 06 - Psychologie und Sportwissenschaftde_DE
local.opus.fachgebietPsychologiede_DE
local.opus.id15727
local.opus.instituteDepartment of General Psychologyde_DE
local.source.freetextFrontiers in Integrative Neuroscience 12:59de_DE
local.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2018.00059

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