Syntheses and characterisations of metal complexes with the ligand 1,3-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]benzene(1,3-tbpd) and it s derivatives N, N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)aniline (phbpa), 2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]-p-cresole (2,6-tpcd) und 1,3,5-tris[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]benzene (1,3,5-hpbt) as well as it s ortho- and para-substituted analogues 1,2-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]benzene (1,2-tbpd) and 1,4-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]benzene (1,4-tbpd) are reported herein. These investigations are based on the previous studies on the complex [Cu2(1,3-tpbd)(H2O)2(ClO4)3]ClO4, which showed quite interesting magnetic behaviour. As briefly described in chapter 2 and 3, the magnetic properties of the copper(II) complexes with the ligand 1,3-tpbd were strongly dependent on the presence of additional ligands/anions. These investigations have been successfully continued in this work and in cooperation with the researchers mentioned in the previous chapters, copper(II), iron(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes with the ligand 1,3-tpbd could be synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction methods.
Furthermore, copper(II) complexes with the ligands phbpa, 1,2-tpbd and 1,4-tpbd could be synthesized and furthermore, structurally characterized.
The complexes [Cu4(1,3-tpbd)2(AsO4)(ClO4)3(H2O)](ClO4)2 x 2 H2O x 0.5 CH3OH and [Cu4(1,3-tpbd)2(PO4)(ClO4)3(H2O)](ClO4)2 x 2 H2O x 0.5 CH3OH are tetranuclear compounds and in each the arsenate/phosphate ion acts as a bridge between four copper(II) ions. Hence, the Cu(1)...Cu(2)-distances in these compounds are with 4.358/4.226 Å significantly shorter than in the complexes that were synthesized previously. The investigation of the magnetic properties of the complex [Cu4(1,3-tpbd)2(PO4)(ClO4)3(H2O)](ClO4)2 x 2 H2O x 0.5 CH3OH showed the expected paramagnetic behaviour.
Furthermore, detailed magnetic investigations on the complexes [CuCl2(phbpa)], [Cu2Cl4(1,3-tpbd)] x 0.84 CH3OH, [{Cu2Cl2(ClO4)(1,3-tpbd)}Cl{Cu2Cl2(OH2)(1,3-tpbd)}](ClO4)2 and [Cu2(OH2)2(S2O6)(1,3-tpbd)]S2O6 x 2 H2O x CH3OH were performed. For the complex [{Cu2Cl2(ClO4)(1,3-tpbd)}Cl{Cu2Cl2(OH2)(1,3-tpbd)}](ClO4)2 theoretical calculations of the DFT type were performed to visualize and evaluate the efficiency of the intramolecular exchange pathways involved.
The ligand 1,3-tpbd in its unprotonated as well as in its protonated form could be characterized crystallographically. It is remarkable that the protons (in the protonated compounds [H2(1,3-tpbd)](ClO4)2 and [H2(1,3-tpbd)](CF3SO3)2) are, similar to small metal cations, coordinated between the pyridine nitrogen atoms of the ligand.
While the nickel complex shows normal coordination behavior, redox active metal centers such as iron or copper ions demonstrate that 1,3-tpbd is a non-innocent ligand. Interestingly 1,3-tpbd does not coordinate iron(III) ions, instead protonation of the ligand is preferred. Oxidations of iron(II) complexes or copper(I) complexes of 1,3-tpbd led to reaction product mixtures that could not be characterized so far. Theoretical calculations support the formation of a dinuclear side-on copper peroxo complex during the reaction of the copper(I) complex with dioxygen. Intramolecular ligand hydroxylation was not observed during the oxidation reaction, however, preliminary experiments showed the formation of a violet coloured peroxo-intermediate. Unfortunately this reaction could not be reproduced for reasons that are not clear at all. The reaction product that would have formed if an intramolecular hydroxylation reaction would occur during oxidation, a phenolate bridged derivative of the 1,3-tpbd complex, using the ligand 2,6-tpcd, could be synthesized in an independent way. The thus obtained [Cu2(2,6-tpcd)(H2O)(Cl)](ClO4)2 x 2 H2O could be structurally characterized.
To increase the complexity of the 1,3-tpbd ligand a further ligand arm was introduced, forming the new ligand 1,3,5-Hpbt. Efforts to obtain the trinuclear copper complex of this ligand were unsuccesfull. However, the precursor compound prepared for the synthesis of this ligand, the protonated 1,3,5-triaminobenzene (that could be structurally characterized), proved to be very interesting for detailed NMR studies.
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