Evaluation of impulse oscillometry in pigs originating from the field
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Abstract
For the first time, the applicability of the impulse oscillometry system (IOS) was assessed for lung function analysis in pigs originating from the field. Fifty-eight German hybrid pigs from 29 different herds were chosen in pairs from one pen, each for routine diagnostics in the context of herd health service. The pigs were brought to the Clinic for Swine of the Justus-Liebig-University Giessen and examined according to standard clinical methods. Routine clinical examination was extended to a total set of 29 parameters, representing detailed clinical signs of the respiratory system. The overall examination was complemented by impulse oscillometry, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and detailed pathology. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were examined for relevant airway pathogens in swine using molecular and microbiological methods. In addition, BALF was examined by differential cytology.The present study focused on the methodological aspects and sensitivity of IOS to variations in pulmonary mechanics as well as on the relationship between clinical findings and the results of lung function analysis.The variability of repeated IOS runs increased significantly after the sixth run. Therefore, the average of the first six runs for each individual pig was used for further analysis. High repeatability and the pronounced interindividual variability of test results suggested impulse oscillometry as a potential method for improving clinical diagnostics in pigs with respect to respiratory diseases.Eight clinical parameters exhibiting a marked relationship with the results of impulse oscillometry were extracted via multiple regression analysis. The resulting linear relationship between the clinical data and IOS parameters had a mean r2 of 0.52. Correlations between clinical data and IOS parameters were statistically significant, particularly for disturbances in the lower respiratory tract. The correlations between clinical findings and the reactance area (AX) were similar to established IOS parameters, indicating the ability of AX to qualitatively and quantitatively assess functional disorders in the lung periphery.Because of the limited relationship between pulmonary functional disorders and clinical data, the inclusion of the additional diagnostic methods, especially pathological and histological examination, is expected to detect further factors, leading to the high variability impulse oscillometric results. Based on the present findings, IOS can be applied in conjunction with routine diagnostic methods as a valuable non-invasive technique, providing complementary information for the detection and quantification of functional respiratory impairments in pigs originating from the field.Link to publications or other datasets
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Giessen : Laufersweiler