Optimization and validation of the thermochromic performance of a trilayer coating of TiO 2 /VO 2 /TiO 2 for smart windows

Abstract

Global energy consumption and the imperative to mitigate climate change have driven the exploration of innovative technologies to enhance energy efficiency in buildings. Among these, smart windows utilizing thermochromic vanadium dioxide-based materials as active materials have emerged as a promising avenue. These windows dynamically modulate their optical properties in response to environmental conditions, helping to reduce the Energy consumption for heating/cooling of the building. However, the practical implementation of VO2-based smart windows faces challenges related to optimizing their performance and durability. In this context, this review advocates for further research into VO2-based smart windows incorporating titanium dioxide (TiO2) Buffer layers and TiO2 antireflection (AR) coatings. Rutile TiO2 Buffer layers are used to promote growth of the VO2 functional films. Additionally, TiO2 antireflection coatings can improve the optical performance of smart windows by minimizing reflections and maximizing light transmission. This work highlights how TiO2-based layers may be used to form a multilayer system surrounding the active VO2 layer in order to enhance the efficiency of VO2-based smart windows. The proposed application of rutile TiO2 buffer layers and anatase TiO2 AR layers holds promise for advancing the development of energy-efficient building technologies.