Molecular studies on hepatitis E viruses
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Hepatitis E is an emerging zoonotic disease distributed worldwide. The causative agent Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is also present in animals such as swine, wild boar, deer, rabbits and rodents, however no clinical disease has been associated with HEV in animals. The limitations concerning diagnosis and the lack of clinical and epidemiological information about HEV in different animal populations make it difficult to assess the risk for the human population. Due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system, little knowledge is currently available about replication mechanisms, pathogenesis and biology of HEV. Thus, the aims of this study were to detect HEV in different animal populations, to study the genetic variability of HEV, to express the capsid protein for use in diagnostic test and to cultivate HEV in primary cells and cell lines. This study indicates that HEV is present in both wild boar and domestic swine populations in Germany. A high genetic heterogeneity has been found among the wild boar viruses. All HEV isolates from animals described in this study are closely related to human isolates indicating a potential zoonotic risk regarding the consumption of meat products especially from wild boar. Extensive phylogenetic analyses were performed in order to study the genetic variability of HEV and to evaluate the classification at subtype and genotype level. Phylogenetic analyses on the basis of complete genomic as well as whole capsid sequences were shown to be adequate for defining HEV genotypes. The results of the phylogenetic analyses suggest modification in the current taxonomy of genotype 3 and to refine the established system for typing of HEV. In addition a classification for hepeviruses recently isolated from bats, ferrets, rats and wild boar is suggested. Parts of the HEV capsid protein (ORF 2: aa 1 to 278 and aa 543 to 617) were expressed as fusion proteins which can be used to develop test systems. Furthermore, a qRT-PCR assay was developed. Numerous approaches were performed to cultivate HEV in cell lines and shrew hepatocytes; however, virus propagation could not be shown.Verknüpfung zu Publikationen oder weiteren Datensätzen
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Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler