Publikationen im Open Access gefördert durch die UB

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Auflistung Publikationen im Open Access gefördert durch die UB nach Auflistung nach Fachbereich/Einrichtung "FB 06 - Psychologie und Sportwissenschaft"

Gerade angezeigt 1 - 20 von 332
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    A comparison of the temporal and spatial properties of trans-saccadic perceptual recalibration and saccadic adaptation
    (2020) Valsecchi, Matteo; Cassanello, Carlos Raul; Herwig, Arvid; Rolfs, Martin; Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
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    A dataset for evaluating one-shot categorization of novel object classes
    (2020) Morgenstern, Yaniv; Schmidt, Filipp; Fleming, Roland W.
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    A feminist economics perspective on the agroecology-food and nutrition security nexus
    (2022) Ume, Chukwuma; Nuppenau, Ernst-August; Domptail, Stephanie Eileen
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    A Systematic Review of Momentary Assessment Designs for Mood and Anxiety Symptoms
    (2021) Hall, Mila; Scherner, Paloma V.; Kreidel, Yannic; Rubel, Julian
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    Abdominal Obesity-Related Disturbance of Insulin Sensitivity Is Associated with CD8+ EMRA Cells in the Elderly
    (2021) Boßlau, Tim K.; Wasserfurth, Paulina; Krüger, Britta; Reichel, Thomas; Palmowski, Jana; Nebl, Josefine; Weyh, Christopher; Schenk, Alexander; Joisten, Niklas; Stahl, Frank; Thoms, Stefanie; Gebhardt, Kristina; Hahn, Andreas; Krüger, Karsten
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    Accuracy of Motor Error Predictions for Different Sensory Signals
    (2018) Joch, Michael; Hegele, Mathias; Maurer, Heiko; Müller, Hermann; Maurer, Lisa K.
    Detecting and evaluating errors in action execution is essential for learning. Through complex interactions of the inverse and the forward model, the human motor system can predict and subsequently adjust ongoing or subsequent actions. Inputs to such a prediction are efferent and afferent signals from various sources. The aim of the current study was to examine the impact of visual as well as a combination of efferent and proprioceptive input signals to error prediction in a complex motor task. Predicting motor errors has been shown to be correlated with a neural signal known as the error-related negativity (Ne/ERN). Here, we tested how the Ne/ERN amplitude was modulated by the availability of different sensory signals in a semi-virtual throwing task where the action outcome (hit or miss of the target) was temporally delayed relative to movement execution allowing participants to form predictions about the outcome prior to the availability of knowledge of results (KR). 19 participants practiced the task and EEG was recorded in two test conditions. In the Visual condition, participants received only visual input by passively observing the throwing movement. In the EffProp condition, participants actively executed the task while visual information about the real and the virtual effector was occluded. Hence, only efferent and proprioceptive signals were available. Results show a significant modulation of the Ne/ERN in the Visual condition while no effect could be observed in the EffProp condition. In addition, amplitudes of the feedback related negativity (FRN) in response to the actual outcome feedback were found to be inversely related to the Ne/ERN amplitudes. Our findings indicate that error prediction is modulated by the availability of input signals to the forward model. The observed amplitudes were found to be attenuated in comparison to previous studies, in which all efferent and sensory inputs were present. Furthermore, we assume that visual signals are weighted higher than proprioceptive signals, at least in goal-oriented tasks with visual targets.
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    Activation of the parieto-premotor network is associated with vivid motor imagery : A parametric fMRI study
    (2011) Lorey, Britta; Pilgramm, Sebastian; Bischoff, Matthias; Stark, Rudolf; Vaitl, Dieter; Kindermann, Stefan; Munzert, Jörn; Zentgraf, Karen
    The present study examined the neural basis of vivid motor imagery with parametrical functional magnetic resonance imaging. 22 participants performed motor imagery (MI) of six different right-hand movements that differed in terms of pointing accuracy needs and object involvement, i.e., either none, two big or two small squares had to be pointed at in alternation either with or without an object grasped with the fingers. After each imagery trial, they rated the perceived vividness of motor imagery on a 7-point scale. Results showed that increased perceived imagery vividness was parametrically associated with increasing neural activation within the left putamen, the left premotor cortex (PMC), the posterior parietal cortex of the left hemisphere, the left primary motor cortex, the left somatosensory cortex, and the left cerebellum. Within the right hemisphere, activation was found within the right cerebellum, the right putamen, and the right PMC. It is concluded that the perceived vividness of MI is parametrically associated with neural activity within sensorimotor areas. The results corroborate the hypothesis that MI is an outcome of neural computations based on movement representations located within motor areas.
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    Active Haptic Exploration of Softness: Indentation Force Is Systematically Related to Prediction, Sensation and Motivation
    (2018) Lezkan, Alexandra; Metzger, Anna; Drewing, Knut
    Active finger movements play a crucial role in natural haptic perception. For the perception of different haptic properties people use different well-chosen movement schemes (Lederman and Klatzky, 1987). The haptic property of softness is stereotypically judged by repeatedly pressing one´s finger against an objects´ surface, actively indenting the object. It has been shown that people adjust the peak indentation forces of their pressing movements to the expected stimulus´ softness in order to improve perception (Kaim and Drewing, 2011). Here, we aim to clarify the mechanisms underlying such adjustments. We disentangle how people modulate executed peak indentation forces depending on predictive vs. sensory signals to softness, and investigate the influence of the participants´ motivational state on movement adjustments. In Experiment 1, participants performed a two alternative forced-choice (2AFC) softness discrimination task for stimulus pairs from one of four softness categories. We manipulated the predictability of the softness category. Either all stimuli of the same category were presented in a blocked fashion, which allowed predicting the softness category of the upcoming pair (predictive signals high), or stimuli from different categories were randomly intermixed, which made prediction impossible (predictive signals low). Sensory signals to softness category of the two stimuli in a pair are gathered during exploration. We contrasted the first indentation (sensory signals low) and last indentation (sensory signals high) in order to examine the effect of sensory signals. The results demonstrate that participants systematically apply lower forces when softer objects (as compared to harder objects) are indicated by predictive signals. Notably, sensory signals seemed to be not as relevant as predictive signals. However, in Experiment 2, we manipulated participant motivation by introducing rewards for good performance, and showed that the use of sensory information for movement adjustments can be fostered by high motivation. Overall, the present study demonstrates that exploratory movements are adjusted to the actual perceptual situation and that in the process of fine-tuning, closed- and open-loop mechanisms interact, with varying contributions depending on the observer´s motivation.
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    Acute hunger does not always undermine prosociality
    (2019) Häusser, Jan A.; Stahlecker, Christina; Mojzisch, Andreas; Leder, Johannes; Van Lange, Paul A. M.; Faber, Nadira S.
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    Acute response of biomarkers in plasma from capillary blood after a strenuous endurance exercise bout
    (2023) Reichel, Thomas; Held, Steffen; Schwarz, Anthony; Hacker, Sebastian; Wesemann, Fabian; Donath, Lars; Krüger, Karsten
    Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the acute response of potential exercise-sensitive biomarkers in capillary plasma to an acute incremental running test. In a second step, their concentration was compared to the changes in the venous serum. Methods: Thirty-seven active young female and male adults completed a VO2max ramp test on a treadmill. Before and after exercise, capillary blood from the earlobe and venous blood were taken and synchronized. Concentrations of Interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, Interferon (IFN)-y, CC-chemokine ligand (CCL)-2, Matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)- 9, Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), Cluster of differentiation (CD)163, S100 Ca2+ -binding protein (S100) A8, S100A9, S100B, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined by magnetic bead-based multiplex assay. Results: Capillary plasma concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IFN-y, CCL-2, MMP-9, SPARC, CD163, S100A9, S100B, and BDNF increased after exercise (p < 0.05). Comparing the values from capillary plasma and venous serum, ICCs classified as good were found for IFN-y (post), while the ICCs for IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17A, CCL-2, MMP-9 (post), SPARC, and BDNF (post) were classified as moderate. For all other parameters, only weak ICCs were found. Conclusion: As in the venous serum, there was an increase in most markers in the capillary plasma. However, acceptable to low associations can be found in the concentration levels of these proteins between the compartments. Thus, this source of blood sampling could find some biomarker applications in sports practice.
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    Acute responsivity of the serotonergic system to S-citalopram and positive emotionality : the moderating role of the 5-HTTLPR
    (2013) Wielpuetz, Catrin; Kuepper, Yvonne; Grant, Phillip; Aisha, J; Munk, L.; Hennig, Juergen
    According to the idea that the central serotonergic system has a modulatory functionon behavior and personality in general, we aimed to highlight its association to habitual positive emotionality. In a placebo-controlled double-blind and randomized cross-over neuroendocrine challenge design (n = 72 healthy males) we investigated the association of the central serotonergic responsivity, 5-HTTLPR-genotype as well as their combined effects on positive emotionality. Regression analyses revealed an involvement of the serotonergic system in positive emotionality. There was, however, no direct association between positive emotionality and cortisol responses to S-citalopram; rather5-HTTLPR-genotype showed an association (p < 0.05). That is, positive emotionality scores increased with the number of s-alleles carried by the individuals. Most notable was the moderating role of 5-HTTLPR-genotype (p < 0.05) on the association between acute serotonergic responsivity and positive emotionality. Indeed, this association was only found in ss-homozygotes, in which the acute responsivity of the serotonergic system additionally seems to contribute to the level of positive emotionality (r = 0.70, p < 0.05). The findings correspond to previous research demonstrating that the 5-HTTLPR is not only involved in the negative-emotional aspects of behavior and temperament, but is associated, moreover, with positive affectivity supporting the assumption of its valence-neutrality. In addition, our data are in line with the idea of possible influences of the 5-HTTLPR-genotype on early neuronal development. They also indicate the need for further studies in order to clearly elucidate the role of the serotonergic system and itssubcomponents in the regulation of positive emotionality.
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    Additional cognitive load decreases performance but not adaptation to a visuomotor transformation
    (2022) Langsdorf, Lisa; Goehringer, Frederic; Schween, Raphael; Schenk, Thomas; Hegele, Mathias
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    Age effects on saccadic adaptation: Evidence from different paradigms reveals specific vulnerabilities
    (2017) Huang, Jing; Gegenfurtner, Karl R.; Schütz, Alexander C.; Billino, Jutta
    Saccadic eye movements provide an opportunity to study closely interwoven perceptual, motor, and cognitive changes during aging. Here, we investigated age effects on different mechanisms of saccadic plasticity. We compared age effects in two different adaptation paradigms that tap into low- and high-level adaptation processes. A total of 27 senior adults and 25 young adults participated in our experiments. In our first experiment, we elicited adaptation by a double-step paradigm, which is designed to trigger primarily low-level, gradual motor adaptation. Age groups showed equivalent adaptation of saccadic gain. In our second experiment, adaptation was induced by a perceptual task that emphasizes high-level, fast processes. We consistently found no evidence for age-related differences in low-level adaptation; however, the fast adaptation response was significantly more pronounced in the young adult group. We conclude that low-level motor adaptation is robust during healthy aging but that high-level contributions, presumably involving executive strategies, are subject to age-related decline. Our findings emphasize the need to differentiate between specific aging processes in order to understand functional decline and stability across the adult life span.
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    Age effects on saccadic suppression of luminance and color
    (2021) Braun, Doris I.; Schütz, Alexander Christian; Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
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    Age effects on sensorimotor predictions: What drives increased tactile suppression during reaching?
    (2019) Klever, Lena; Voudouris, Dimitris; Fiehler, Katja; Billino, Jutta
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    Aging attenuates the memory advantage for unexpected objects in real-world scenes
    (2023) Klever, Lena; Islam, Jasmin; Võ, Melissa Le-Hoa; Billino, Jutta
    Across the adult lifespan memory processes are subject to pronounced changes. Prior knowledge and expectations might critically shape functional differences; however, corresponding findings have remained ambiguous so far. Here, we chose a tailored approach to scrutinize how schema (in-)congruencies affect older and younger adults’ memory for objects embedded in real-world scenes, a scenario close to everyday life memory demands. A sample of 23 older (52–81 years) and 23 younger adults (18–38 years) freely viewed 60 photographs of scenes in which target objects were included that were either congruent or incongruent with the given context information. After a delay, recognition performance for those objects was determined. In addition, recognized objects had to be matched to the scene context in which they were previously presented. While we found schema violations beneficial for object recognition across age groups, the advantage was significantly less pronounced in older adults. We moreover observed an age-related congruency bias for matching objects to their original scene context. Our findings support a critical role of predictive processes for age-related memory differences and indicate enhanced weighting of predictions with age. We suggest that recent predictive processing theories provide a particularly useful framework to elaborate on age-related functional vulnerabilities as well as stability.
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    Alike and different: Associations between orthorexic eating behaviors and exercise addiction
    (2021) Strahler, Jana; Wachten, Hanna; Stark, Rudolf; Walter, Bertram