Analysis of genetic diversity among current spring wheat varieties and breeding for improved yield stability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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HaiLin-2006-12-22.pdf (1.92 MB)

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2006

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http://dx.doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-16886

Abstract

Genetic diversity in spring bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) was studied in a total of 69 accessions. For this purpose, 52 microsatellite (SSR) markers were used and a total of 406 alleles were detected, of which 182 (44.8%) occurred at a frequency of < 5% (rare alleles). The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 with an average of 7.81. The largest number of alleles per locus occurred in the B genome (8.65) as compared to the A (8.43) and D (5.93) genomes, respectively. The polymorphism index content (PIC) value varied from 0.24 to 0.89 with an average of 0.68. The highest PIC for all accessions was found in the B genome (0.71) as compared to the A (0.68) and D genomes (0.63). Genetic distance-based method (standard UPGMA clustering) and a model-based method (structure analysis) were used for cluster analysis. The two methods led to analogical results. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 80.6% of the total variation could be explained by the variance within the geographical groups. In comparison to the diversity detected for all accessions (He = 0.68), genetic diversity among European spring bread wheats was He = 0.65. A comparatively higher diversity was observed between wheat varieties from Southern European countries (Austria/Switzerland, Portugal/Spain) corresponding to those from other regions.

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