Master-/Bachelor-/Staatsexamens-/Studienarbeiten

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Auflistung Master-/Bachelor-/Staatsexamens-/Studienarbeiten nach Autor:in "Adundo, Lucy Apiyo"

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    Impact of Youth Employment Promotion Programs on Income and Food and Nutrition Security among Agricultural Entrepreneurs in Sierra Leone
    (2021) Adundo, Lucy Apiyo
    Youth employment in connection with agricultural transformation in developing countries in Africa has gained attention in the recent years. Employment promotion is one way to promote youth involvement in Africa towards the improvement of their livelihoods. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the Business Loop Program on the incomes of the agricultural entrepreneurs, to determine the effect of the program on their food and nutrition security and to assess the level of women participation in decision making in Sierra Leone. Quantitative and qualitative data on the entrepreneurs businesses, agricultural characteristics, selling and socio-economic data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. The total study sample was 134 out of which 91 were in the treatment group and 43 in control group selected from three districts of the north-eastern and eastern parts of Sierra Leone. Descriptive statistics e.g. means, t-test, ANOVA were used to understand the socio-economic and institutional characteristics of program participants. A Probit regression was applied to determine program participation, while Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression was used in determining factors that influence income and dietary diversity score (DDS). A 10-scale minimum dietary diversity score (MDDS) of food groups was created from data obtained from a semi-quantitative 24-h recall during the study. Results showed that men made more decisions regarding access to land and growing cash crops, compared to women. Women made more decisions on access to credit. Participation in the program was influenced by land size; months of selling; experience in business; types of businesses such as crop production- and marketing of raw agricultural produce, livestock rearing, annual crops (rice, vegetables) and producing and marketing processed food. Twenty-nine percent of women achieved higher dietary diversity (7 and 8), while 61 percent had moderate MDDS of 5 and 6. Only 10 percent of women achieved a lower MDDS between 1 and 4. However, the differences in MDDS between females and males, and that between treatment and control group are not significantly different. The study however cannot conclude that the program had no effect on dietary diversity because nutrition outcomes require more time to observe. The study found higher income in the first intervention group (Phase I) compared to the second intervention group (Phase II). Both intervention groups had higher incomes than the control group and therefore the null hypothesis is rejected. The study, therefore, recommends a scale-up of the existing enterprises while considering variation in outcomes of program components in gender and the three districts.