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Item When transactions turn awry: Infrastructural ambivalence in financial security(2024) Langenohl, AndreasThis article conceptualizes financial transactions as parts of financial infrastructures. Not only do transactions perform services for the economy, mainly in the area of calculation and pricing, but there is also merit in a conceptually infrastructural view on transactions which uncovers their ambivalence for the stability of the financial system. This is based on a conceptualization of infrastructures that distances itself from inherited modernist notions of the completeness, full operability, and functional integration of infrastructures, and instead highlights the constitutive incompleteness, error-proneness, and looming disintegration of infrastructures owing not to external threats but to their very modes of operation. The article analyzes two post-crisis reports that try to sort out this infrastructural ambivalence of transactions, and, in that attempt, mobilize different imaginaries. In the Brady Report following Black Monday of 1987, the imaginary of the efficient competitive market was cited to stabilize the boundary between functional and dysfunctional transactions. In the FCIC Report reflecting on the subprime mortgage crisis, a quasi-sociological diagnosis of mushrooming, and morally problematic transactional relationships were invoked to separate functional from dysfunctional intermediation by financial transactions.Item Future Generations in Climate Litigation: Early Whispers of an Intergenerational Law?(2024) Drigo, AlessandroThe “migration” of Future Generations from a moral to a judicial context represents a captivating development in contemporary legal discourse. Recent years have seen a surge in courts across various nations addressing the intersection of future generations and climate litigation. This nexus, far from being coincidental or sporadic, epitomizes a deeper societal and legal dilemma that necessitates a nuanced articulation for effective resolution. The main objective of this Article is to provide preliminary insights for contextualizing this legal evolution. Initially, the Article delineates the journey towards social legitimacy of climate science. Subsequently, it examines the impact of this social legitimation on judicial rulings, particularly observing an emerging trend in climate litigation to expand the temporal scope of legal relevance. The Article culminates in an exploration of the possible interplay between the legal significance of future generations and the extension of the law’s temporal horizon. This conjectural postulation is substantiated through select historical precedents.Item The Rise of Human Rights Limits to Migration Control – A European Perspective(2024) Bast, JürgenOne crucial difference between migration and other areas is that the web of individual rights woven by human rights law has remained thin for a long time. Migration has long looked like the last bastion of sovereignty while other fields of law became subject to a rights revolution imposing meaningful constraints on public authorities. This essay confronts the legacy of immigration exceptionalism with developments in the European legal space since the 1990s. Catalyzed by the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), human rights eventually have taken center stage in legal and political struggles challenging the power to exclude. The expansion of human rights discourse in contemporary Europe is seen as part of a larger trend. Mutually reinforcing processes of “humanrightization” in law, politics, and everyday practice have given rise to successful claims raised by migrants and other social actors seeking to limit the governmental power of migration control. Humanrightization of migration discourse makes it possible to formulate far-reaching demands for the inclusion of migrants within the framework of the recognized rules of legal argumentation—a “positivist human rights maximalism.”Item Gender Empowerment Through Politics in the Classroom: D6.8 Working Paper 1(2025-03) Abendschön, Simone; García-Albacete, Gema; Alonso, Maria; Kleer, Philipp; Núñez, Lidia; Sánchez, DavidWhile we can observe notable progress toward gender equality in Europe, significant gender disparities in political engagement persists across countries and over time. The G-EPIC project addresses gendered political inequality from an intersectional perspective. Working Package 2 (WP2) contributed to a thorough understanding of the origins of gendered inequalities in political attitudes and behaviour, focusing on political interest and internal political efficacy as key contributors to political participation. Our work could update previous knowledge regarding the origins and long-term effects of socioeconomic inequalities on political engagement, while exploring the intersections of various factors such as gender, socioeconomic status, and immigration background. Based on existing studies, a systematic literature review and new analyses using international survey data, our analyses reveal a persistent gender gap in political interest and internal political efficacy, observable from adolescence into adulthood. While men's internal political efficacy tends to grow over time, women's remains stable, contributing to long-term disparities. Moreover, the systematic analysis of existing studies showed that sources of inequalities (gender, socioeconomic status or ethnicity/origin) were mostly treated separately, shadowing (covering?) possible interaction effects between these. A further key limitation of this research area is the lack of panel data available to study socialization processes, the long-term effects of early inequalities, and studies focusing on disadvantaged populations. Our own analyses, among others, addressed this gap and examined different intersectional effects, recently published in two papers (https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.9286, https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.9309). We uncovered preliminary evidence of a positive intersectional effect of being a girl and having an immigration background on levels of political interest among adolescents. However, this does not mean that girls with immigration backgrounds have higher levels of interest than any other group. However, it does imply that they have higher levels of political interest than we could expect by adding the impact of being a girl and having an immigrant background on their own. Regarding political participation, our analyses demonstrated that women participate more in non-institutional forms of participation, while men participate more in institutional ones. Applying an intersectional approach, women not born in the country are the least likely to participate in non-institutional forms of participation, whereas having foreign parents boosts some actions. Additionally, we explored the potential effect of discrimination experiences on political involvement, discovering that perceived discrimination leads to higher levels of political interest. Contradicting our expectations, we did not encounter a significant interaction effect between discrimination experiences and social participation, indicating that the level of discrimination experience does not moderate the impact of social participation on political interest. The comprehensive analyses in WP2 emphasise the existing gender gap in different forms and provide first evidence of the complex intersectional dynamics between different social disadvantages. Hence, further addressing the intersection of sources of inequalities in political engagement and participation is an important venue for future research.Item Experimental Cross Sections for Electron-Impact Single, Double, and Triple Ionization of La+(2025) Döhring, B. Michel; Borovik, Alexander; Gocht, Florian; Huber, Kurt; Schippers, StefanWe report on new measurements of absolute cross sections for single, double, and triple electron-impact ionization of singly charged lanthanum ions. The resulting single and double ionization cross sections are in fair agreement with results from previous experimental work. In the present work, we extended the experimental range by a factor of two to approx. 2000 eV. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous measurements of triple ionization. The present work in progress aims to provide vitally needed atomic data for the astrophysical modeling of kilonovae.Item Spectroscopic investigations of infrared-radiofluorescence (IR-RF) for equivalent dose estimation(2022-03-03) Sontag-González, Mariana; Fuchs, MarkusInfrared radiofluorescence (IR-RF) is a technique with the potential to date sediment deposition beyond 1000 Gy. However, the total IR-RF signal is composed of several emissions whose separate characteristics are still poorly understood. We obtained RF emission spectra for two sediment samples dominated by K-feldspar in the wavelengths ∼600–1000 nm over a wide dose range of up to 4000 Gy to discuss possible effects of neighbouring emissions on the conventional IR-RF De estimation via a photomultiplier tube, which yields a signal integration over a wavelength range of more than 30–40 nm. The studied samples included a modern age and a field-saturated one to assess the emissions’ characteristics at different dose ranges. For these samples, we find no significant influence of neighbouring emissions to the De obtained from the wavelength range typically used for IR-RF.Item The upscaling and out-scaling of ecological intensification: how smallholder farms can inform the science of managing biocontrol at scale(2023) Martin, Emily A.; Librán Embid, Felipe; Olagoke, AdewoleCurrent objectives to harness agroecological functioning to improve the biological control of crop pests are conditional on a range of ecological, social, economic and cultural mechanisms that may hinder or support the success of such endeavours. Against the backdrop of ongoing work focused on the push-pull technology, a mixed cropping strategy aiming to increase biocontrol in smallholder farms of Sub-Saharan Africa, we review some key challenges and knowledge gaps associated with enhancing and managing biocontrol practices on farms. While major knowledge gaps exist with regard to ecological processes affecting biocontrol success at small to large scales, these can quickly be trumped in terms of capacity for implementation by non-ecological factors such as the structure of social systems and the existence and effectiveness of training networks. We argue that it is our responsibility to formulate questions for biocontrol research that lead to effective, adaptable and resilient solutions for the real-world contexts in which they should be implemented. Consequently, research aiming to understand ecological processes for improved biocontrol must be increasingly transdisciplinary and leave a wide margin for flexible application of ecologically-driven principles.Item Spatial coding for action across spatial scales(2023) Fiehler, Katja; Karimpur, HarunHumans perform goal-directed actions such as reaching for a light switch or grasping a coffee mug thousands of times a day. Behind the scenes of these seemingly simple actions, the brain performs sophisticated calculations to locate the target object of the action and correctly guide the hand towards it. In this Review, we discuss how the brain establishes spatial representations used for visually guided actions. In addition to reviewing simple tasks and paradigms, we discuss spatial coding in complex and naturalistic environments. We highlight the importance of high-level cognitive factors, such as memory, task constraints, and object semantics, which influence the use of spatial representations for action. To move the field forward, we suggest that future research should integrate across different scales of action spaces from small-scale finger movements to large-scale navigation. Doing so would enable the identification of general mechanisms that underlie spatial coding across different actions and spaces.Item 3D Impedance Modelling of Metal Anodes in Solid-State Batteries − Incompatibility of Pore Formation and Constriction Effect in Physical-Based 1D Circuit Models(2022-09-08) Eckhardt, Janis K.; Fuchs, Till; Burkhardt, Simon; Klar, Peter J.; Janek, Jürgen; Heiliger, ChristianA non-ideal contact at the electrode/solid electrolyte interface of a solid-state battery arising due to pores (voids) or inclusions results in a constriction effect that severely deteriorates the electric transport properties of the battery cell. The lack of understanding of this phenomenon hinders the optimization process of novel components, such as reversible and high-rate metal anodes. Deeper insight into the constriction phenomenon is necessary to correctly monitor interface degradation and to accelerate the successful use of metal anodes in solid-state batteries. Here, we use a 3D electric network model to study the fundamentals of the constriction effect. Our findings suggest that dynamic constriction as a non-local effect cannot be captured by conventional 1D equivalent circuit models and that its electric behavior is not ad hoc predictable. It strongly depends on the interplay of the geometry of the interface causing the constriction and the microscopic transport processes in the adjacent phases. In the presence of constriction, the contribution from the non-ideal (porous) electrode/solid electrolyte interface to the impedance spectrum may exhibit two signals that cannot be explained when the porous interface is described by a physical-based (effective medium theory) 1D equivalent circuit model. In consequence, the widespread assumption of a single interface contribution to the experimental impedance spectrum may be entirely misleading and can cause serious misinterpretation.Item La Lucha Continua: A Presentist Lens on Social Protest in Ecuador(2023) Schwab, JuliaEcuador has one of the most progressive constitutions in Latin America. It defines the state as plurinational and guarantees collective rights to Indigenous people and even to Nature itself. At the same time, the oil sector has been of strategic importance and “national interest” to both right- and left-wing governments for the last decades, contributing with its rents and revenues to around one-third of the state coffers. Therefore, the extractivist model remains unchallenged and still promises development - while reproducing systemic inequalities and a “continuum of violence.” In June 2022, the Indigenous movement called for a nationwide strike to draw attention to the socio-economic crisis following the pandemic. The authorities harshly repressed the mobilization and a racializing media discourse demarcated the “Indigenous” agenda from the needs of “all Ecuadorians,” classifying the protesters as “terrorists” and thus, a threat to the nation. Drawing on ethnographic research, this article discusses the role of extractivism in social mobilization. Exploring the future of social protest in Ecuador in the face of new pressures like climate change and the energy transition, it argues that extractivist patterns will change globally and amplify social discontent and mobilization.Item Untersuchungen zur Zinkdepletion im tierischen Organismus (Abstract)(1972) Pallauf, JosefItem Selling oneself: Construct and criterion-related validity of impression management in structured interviews(2011) Kleinmann, Martin; Klehe, Ute-ChristineInterviewee impression management has been a long-standing concern in the interview literature. Yet recent insights into the impact of impression management on interviewee performance in structured interviews suggest that interviewee impression management may be more than just a source of bias and a nuisance. Rather, impression management should possess construct-related validity and contribute to the interviews´ criterion-related validity. These hypotheses were tested with 129 participants using a simulated selection interview aimed at university graduates. Results confirmed most of the hypotheses. In particular, interviewee impression management behavior showed construct-related validity across different structured interview types and correlated positively with interviewees´ performance on subsequent typical and maximum performance proxy criteria. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.Item Applicant versus employee scores on self-report emotional intelligence measures(2011) Lievens, Filip; Klehe, Ute-Christine; Libbrecht, NeleThere exists growing interest to assess applicants emotional intelligence (EI) via self-report trait-based measures of EI as part of the selection process. However, some studies that experimentally manipulated applicant conditions have cautioned that in these conditions use of self-report measures for assessing EI might lead to considerably higher scores than current norm scores suggest. So far, no studies have scrutinized self-reported EI scores among a sample of actual job applicants. Therefore, this study compares the scores of actual applicants at a large ICT organization ( n = 109) on a well-known self-report measure of EI to the scores of employees already working in the organization ( n = 239). The current study is the first to show that applicants scores on a self-report measure of EI during the selection process are indeed higher ( d = 1.12) and have less variance ( SD ratio = 0.86/1) than incumbents scores. Finally, a meta-analytic combination of our results with those of earlier research showed that a score increase of about 1 SD in applicant conditions seems to be the rule, regardless of the type of setting, self-report EI measure, and within- versus between-subjects design employed.Item Detection of Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula by quantitative Real-Time PCR(2011) Schäfer, Jenny; Kämpfer, Peter; Jäckel, UdoThe thermophilic actinomycete species Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula has been associated with the exogen allergic alveolitis (EAA). EAA is caused by the inhalation of high amounts of airborne spores that can be found for example in environments of agricultural production, compost facilities, mushroom cultivation rooms, or rooms with technical air moistening. Because of the medical relevance of S. rectivirgula, a reliable detection system is needed. Therefore, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) primer system was designed, targeting the 16S rRNA gene of the type strain S. rectivirgula DSM 43747T and six other S. rectivirgula reference strains. Our investigation showed that S. rectivirgula presumably own four operons of the 16S rRNA gene, which has to be considered for estimation of cell equivalents. Furthermore, the DNA recovery efficiency from these strains was tested in combination with bioaerosol or material sample as well as the influence of non-target DNA to the recovery rate. Results showed a recovery DNA efficiency of 7 55%. The recovery rate of DNA in a mixture with non-target DNA resulted in ~87%. In summary, a high amplification efficiency using real-time PCR was found, for which estimated concentrations revealed cell numbers of 2.7 × 105 cells m-3 in bioaerosol and 2.8 × 106 cells g-1 fw-1 in material samples from a duck house. The specificity of the new developed quantification system was shown by generation of two clone libraries from bioarosol samples, from a duck house, and from a composting plant. Totally, the results clearly show the specificity and practicability of the established qPCR assay for detection of S. rectivirgula.Item Kann, darf man die Bibel feministisch lesen?(2012) Gerstenberger, Erhard S.Item Erhard S. Gerstenberger(2012)Item Einleitung in Meilensteine der Bibelforschung : 50 Porträts(2012) Gerstenberger, Erhard S.Item Homosexualität im Alten Testament : Geschichte und Bewertungen(2012) Gerstenberger, Erhard S.Item Macht euch die Erde untertan (Gen 1,28) : Vom Sinn und Mißbrauch der "Herrschaftsformel"(2012) Gerstenberger, Erhard S.